[1]张信宝,刘维明,陈宁生,等.青藏高原面地貌稳定态与高原隆升时间[J].山地学报,2023,(4):459-468.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000762 ]
　ZHANG Xinbao,LIU Weiming,CHEN Ningsheng,et al.Geomorphological Steady State of the Tibet Plateau and Its Uplift Time[J].Mountain Research,2023,(4):459-468.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000762 ]
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青藏高原面地貌稳定态与高原隆升时间
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2023年第4期
页码:
459-468
栏目:
专家观点
出版日期:
2023-07-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Geomorphological Steady State of the Tibet Plateau and Its Uplift Time
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2023)4-459-10
作者:
张信宝1; 刘维明1; 陈宁生1; 2; 代 彬2; 3
(1.中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都 610041; 2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049; 3.贵州普定喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,贵州 普定 562100)
Author(s):
ZHANG Xinbao1; LIU Weiming1; CHEN Ningsheng1; 2; DAI Bin2; 3
(1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; 3. Puding Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station National Ecosystem Research Network of China, Puding 562100,Guizhou, China)
关键词:
地貌垂直地带性;  地貌演化模型;  GPS隆升时间;  青藏高原
Keywords:
geomorphic vertical zone;  geomorphic evolution model;  GPS uplifting time;  the Tibet Plateau
分类号:
P931.2
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000762
文献标志码:
B
摘要:
本文基于地貌垂直地带性理论,提出计算高原隆升时间的地貌演化模型,并利用GPS现代垂直位移速率资料,计算青藏高原高原隆升时间。海拔4000～5000 m的青藏高原高原面为冰缘地貌带,以上为冰川地貌带,以下为流水地貌带。青藏高原面的构造隆升速率难以超过砂板岩等软弱岩层的冻融侵蚀剥夷速率,处于地貌稳定态,高程受冰缘气候控制,与隆升速率无关。花岗岩、石灰岩等坚硬岩层组成的冰川山地,抗寒冻风化能力强,剥蚀和隆升的竞争中,隆升战胜剥蚀,处于地貌不稳定态,山地持续上升。根据珠峰高程、剥蚀岩层厚度,高原面高程和隆升速率,利用模型求得从青藏高原隆升到现今冰缘地貌带高程以来的隆升时间为2.5 Ma～7.8 Ma。
Abstract:
Based on the theory of vertical zonality in geomorphology, this study introduced a geomorphic evolution model to calculate the uplifting time of the Tibet Plateau, which then was justified by the calculation obtained by GPS modern vertical displacement data. The plateau surface of the Tibet Plateau at an altitude of 4000-5000 m is a periglacial geomorphic zone, with glacial geomorphic zone above it and flowing water geomorphic zone below it. The tectonic uplift rate of the Plateau is not expected to exceed the rate of freeze-thaw erosion and stripping of weak rock layers such as sandstone slate; the Plateau surface is in a geomorphological steady state; the Plateau elevation is controlled by periglacial climate and has nothing to do with uplift rate. Glacial mountains above the Plateau ground composed of hard rock formations, such as granite and limestone, have strong resistance to frost weathering; the Plateau uplift overcomes frost denudation, leading to an unstable geomorphological state, with a steady rising in Plateau elevation. According to the peak elevation of Mount Qomolangma, the thickness of denuded rock layer, the elevation of the Plateau surface and the average rate of uplift measured by GPS in the Himalaya regions, by our model we estimate that the uplift time for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from the start of uplift to the elevation of the present-day periglacial geomorphic zone is 2.5-7.8 Ma.

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相似文献/References:

[1]张信宝,吴积善,汪阳春,等.川西北高原的地貌垂直地带性与寒冻夷平面[J].山地学报,2006,(05):607.
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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2023- 06- 05; 改回日期(Accepted date):2023- 07-15
基金项目(Foundation item): 国家自然科学基金川藏铁路重大基础科学问题专项(41941017); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071017)[National Natural Science Foundation of China Special Project on Major Basic Science of Sichuan-Tibet Railway(41941017); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071017)]
作者简介(Biography): 张信宝(1946-),男,主要研究方向:山地环境、水土流失。[ZHANG Xinbao(1946-), male, research on mountain environment, soil and water loss] E-mail:zxbao@imde.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2023-07-30