[1]杨 娜,赵春雨*,温瑞霞.皖西地区贫困空间分异的自然环境机理和区域减贫策略[J].山地学报,2020,(3):449-460.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000524]
 YANG Na,ZHAO Chunyu*,WEN Ruixia.Natural Environmental Mechanism of Poverty Spatial Differentiation and Regional Poverty Reduction Strategy in Western Anhui,China[J].Mountain Research,2020,(3):449-460.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000524]
点击复制

皖西地区贫困空间分异的自然环境机理和区域减贫策略()
分享到:

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2020年第3期
页码:
449-460
栏目:
山区发展
出版日期:
2020-07-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Natural Environmental Mechanism of Poverty Spatial Differentiation and Regional Poverty Reduction Strategy in Western Anhui,China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2020)3-449-12
作者:
杨 娜赵春雨*温瑞霞
安徽师范大学 地理与旅游学院,安徽 芜湖 241002
Author(s):
YANG Na ZHAO Chunyu* WEN Ruixia
School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
关键词:
贫困空间分异 自然环境 皖西地区 减贫策略
Keywords:
poverty spatial differentiation natural environment Western Anhui poverty reduction strategy
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000524
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
贫困是困扰人类的世界性问题,区域性贫困是中国当前贫困问题的突出表现,而自然环境因素往往对区域性贫困产生重大影响。探讨贫困的空间特征及其演化,分析其地理成因,可为区域瞄准政策的制定提供重要依据。本研究以大别山连片特困区的皖西地区为例,聚焦自然环境,利用地理探测器和耦合协调模型,从乡镇尺度,通过分析主要自然环境因素对贫困空间分异的主导影响、交互影响及影响的地域类型,剖析自然环境的影响机理,研究结果显示:(1)平均坡度和平均高程对皖西地区贫困空间分异的影响最大,且各自然因素的影响具有交互性,说明皖西地区贫困的空间分异是多个自然因素综合作用的结果;(2)自然因素与贫困发生率的耦合协调关系存在明显空间规律,耦合协调度整体上由西南向东北递减,但不同自然因素影响的空间规律不同;(3)根据耦合协调度,可将自然环境对皖西地区贫困空间分异的影响归纳为自然环境低度影响型、自然资源中度影响型、自然环境高度影响型、自然环境极高影响型四种,不同类型的乡镇,其主导影响因素和影响过程具有明显差异;(4)文章提出提升城市化水平、调整农业结构、发展特色农业产业、生态补偿扶贫、异地搬迁扶贫等针对性的减贫措施。
Abstract:
Poverty is a worldwide problem afflicting mankind. Regional poverty is a prominent manifestation of China's current poverty problem, while natural environmental factors often have a significant impact on regional poverty. Taking Dabie Mountain Areas with special hardships in Western Anhui as an example, focusing on the natural environment, using geographical detector and coupling coordination model, this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of the natural environment by analyzing the dominant influence, interactive influence and regional type of the main natural environment factors on the poverty spatial differentiation from the township scale, so as to provide some basis for the formulation of regional precision poverty alleviation measures. The results showed that:(1)Average slope and average elevation were the most decisive factors for spatial differentiation of poverty in Westem Anhui, and the influence of various natural factors was interactive, which indicated that spatial differentiation of poverty in Western Anhui is the result of the combined action of many natural factors.(2)There were obvious spatial laws in the coupling coordination relationship between natural factors and incidence of poverty, and the coupling coordination degree decreased from the Southwest to the Northeast on the whole, but the spatial laws affected by different natural factors were different.(3)According to the coupling coordination degree, the effects of natural environment on spatial differentiation of poverty in Western Anhui were classified into four types: low-impact of natural environment, medium-impact of natural resources, high-impact of natural environment and extremely high-impact of natural environment. And for different types of villages and towns, the dominant natural factors and the process of influence were obviously different.(4)Finally, the article put forward the targeted poverty reduction measures, such as raising the level of urbanization, adjusting the agricultural structure, developing the characteristic agricultural industry, ecological compensation, relocation, respectively, etc.

参考文献/References:

[1] 何仁伟,刘邵权,陈国阶, 等.中国农户可持续生计研究进展及趋向[J]. 地理科学进展,2013,32(4):657-670.[HE Renwei, LIU Shaoquan, CHEN Guojie, et al. Research progress and tendency of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in China[J]. Progress in Geography,2013,32(4):657-670]
[2] SEN A. Poverty: an ordinal approach to measurement[J].Econometrica.1976,44(2):219-231.
[3] MILBOURNE P. The local geographies of poverty: A rural case-study[J]. Geoforum, 2004,35(5):559-575.
[4] 刘艳华,徐勇. 中国农村多维贫困地理识别及类型划分[J]. 地理学报,2015,70(6):993-1007.[LIU Yanhua, XU Yong. Geographical identification and classification of multi-dimensional poverty in rural China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015,70(6):993-1007]
[5] KIM R, MOHANTY S K, SUBRAMANIAN S V. Multilevel geographies of poverty in India[J]. World Development, 2016,87:349-359.
[6] ALKIRE S, APABLAZA M, CHAKRAVARTY S, et al. Measuring chronic multidimensional poverty[J]. Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017,39(6):983-1006.
[7] ALKIRE S, ROCHE J M, VAZ A. Changes over time in multidimensional poverty: methodology and results for 34 countries[J]. World Development, 2017,94:232-249.
[8] 刘小鹏,苏晓芳,王亚娟, 等.空间贫困研究及其对我国贫困地理研究的启示[J]. 干旱区地理,2014,37(1):144-152.[LIU Xiaopeng, SU Xiaofang, WANG Yajuan, et al. Review on spatial poverty and deprivation and its enlightenments to poverty geography studies in China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2014,37(1):144-152]
[9]温瑞霞. 皖西地区贫困的空间格局与影响机理研究[D].芜湖:安徽师范大学,2019.[WEN Ruixia. Study on the spatial pattern and influence mechanism of poverty in West Anhui[D].Wuhu: Anhui Normal University,2019]
[10] 刘七军,李昭楠. 地理资本视阈下西北民族地区贫困问题实证研究——以宁夏为例[J]. 兰州学刊,2015,(1):167-172. [LIU Qijun, LI Zhaonan. An empirical study of poverty of Ningxia based on geographic capital[J]. Lanzhou Academic Journal, 2015,(1):167-172]
[11] GIESBERT L, SCHINDLER K. Assets, shocks, and poverty traps in rural Mozambique[J]. World Development,2012,40(8):1594-1609.
[12] 罗庆,李小建. 国外农村贫困地理研究进展[J]. 经济地理,2014,34(6):1-8.[LUO Qing,LI Xiaojian. The research progress of foreign rural poverty geography[J]. Economic Geography, 2014,34(6):1-8]
[13] 刘小鹏,苏胜亮,王亚娟, 等. 集中连片特殊困难地区村域空间贫困测度指标体系研究[J]. 地理科学,2014,34(4):447-453.[LIU Xiaopeng, Su Shengliang, WANG Yajuan, et al. The index system of spatial poverty of village level to monitor in concentrated contiguous areas with particular difficulties[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014,34(4):447-453]
[14] 刘彦随,李进涛. 中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策[J]. 地理学报,2017,72(1):161-173.[LIU Yansui, LI Jintao. Geographic detection and optimizing decision of the differentiation mechanism of rural poverty in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017,72(1):161-173]
[15] 王永明,王美霞,吴殿廷, 等.贵州省乡村贫困空间格局与形成机制分析[J].地理科学,2017,37(2):217-227.[WANG Yongming, WANG Meixia, WU Dianting, et al. Spatial patterns and determinants of rural poverty:A case of Guizhou province, China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2017,37(2):217-227]
[16] 马振邦,陈兴鹏,贾卓, 等. 人穷还是地穷?空间贫困陷阱的地统计学检验[J].地理研究,2018,37(10): 1997-2010.[MA Zhenbang, CHEN Xingpeng, JIA Zhuo, et al. Poor people, or poor area? A geostatistical test for spatial poverty traps[J]. Geographical Research,2018,37(10): 1997-2010]
[17] 武鹏,李同昇,李卫民. 县域农村贫困化空间分异及其影响因素——以陕西山阳县为例[J]. 地理研究,2018,37(3):593-606.[WU Peng, LI Tongsheng, LI Weimin. Spatial differentiation and influencing factors analysis of rural poverty at county scale: A case study of Shanyang county in Shaanxi province, China[J]. Geographical Research,2018,37(3):593-606]
[18] LANG C, BARRETT C B, NASCHOLD F. Targeting maps: an asset-based approach to geographic targeting[J]. World Development, 2013,41:232-244.
[19] 李双成,许月卿,傅小锋. 基于GIS和ANN的中国区域贫困化空间模拟分析[J]. 资源科学,2005,27(4):76-81.[LI Shuangcheng, XU Yueqing, FU Xiaofeng. Spatial simulation using GIS and ANN for regional pauperization in China[J]. Resources Science,2005,27(4):76-81]
[20] 曲玮,涂勤,牛叔文. 贫困与地理环境关系的相关研究述评[J]. 甘肃社会科学,2010,(1):103-106.[QU Wei, TU Qin, NIU Shuwen. A review on the relationship between poverty and geographical environment[J]. Gansu Social Sciences,2010,(1):103-106]
[21] 王丽华. 基于地缘性贫困的农村扶贫政策分析——以湘西八个贫困县为例[J]. 农业经济问题,2011,(6):47-53.[WANG Lihua. Rural poverty alleviation policy analysis based on geographical poverty—a case study of eight poverty-stricken counties in Western Hunan[J]. Issues in Agricultural Economy,2011,(6):47-53]
[22] 丁建军,冷志明. 区域贫困的地理学分析[J]. 地理学报,2018,73(2):232-247.[DING Jianjun, LENG Zhiming. Regional poverty analysis in a view of geography science[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2018,73(2):232-247]
[23] 周民良. 贫困、环境与可持续发展[J]. 中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2007,7(3):2-7+11.[ZHOU Minliang. Poverty, Environment and sustainable development[J]. Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition),2007,7(3):2-7+11]
[24] WATMOUGH G R, ATKINSON P M, SAIKIA A, et al. Understanding the evidence base for poverty-environment relationships using remotely sensed satellite data: An example from Assam, India[J]. World Development,2016,78:188-203.
[25] BIRD K, HULME D, SHEPHERD A, et al. Chronic poverty and remote rural areas[J]. Ssrn Electronic Journal, 2011.doi:10.2139/ssrn.1754490.
[26] LIU Yansui, LIU Jilai, ZHOU Yang. Spatio-temporal patterns of rural poverty in China and targeted poverty alleviation strategies[J]. Journal of Rural Studies,2017,52:66-75.
[27] ERENSTEIN O, HELLIN J, CHANDNA P. Poverty mapping based on livelihood assets: A meso-level application in the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India[J]. Applied Geography, 2010,30(1):112-125.
[28] 曲玮,涂勤,牛叔文, 等. 自然地理环境的贫困效应检验——自然地理条件对农村贫困影响的实证分析[J]. 中国农村经济,2012,(2):21-34.[QU Wei, TU Qin, NIU Shuwen, et al. Poverty effect test of natural geographical environment—an empirical analysis of the impact of natural geographical conditions on rural poverty[J]. Chinese Rural Economy,2012,(2):21-34]
[29] TOURE N M, KANE A, NOEL J F, et al. Water-poverty relationships in the coastal town of Mbour(Senegal): Relevance of GIS for decision support[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2012,14(1):33-39
[30] COHEN A, SULLIVAN C A. Water and poverty in rural China: Developing an instrument to assess the multiple dimensions of water and poverty[J]. Ecological Economics,2010,69(5):999-1009.
[31] 孙才志,陈琳,赵良仕, 等. 中国农村水贫困和经济贫困的时空耦合关系研究[J].资源科学,2013,35(10):1991-2002.[SUN Caizhi, CHEN Lin, ZHAO Liangshi, et al. Spatial-temporal coupling between rural water poverty and economic poverty in China[J]. Resources Science,2013,35(10):1991-2002]
[32] 周蕾,熊礼阳,王一晴, 等.中国贫困县空间格局与地形的空间耦合关系[J].经济地理,2017,37(10):157-166.[ZHOU Lei, XIONG Liyang, WANG Yiqing, et al. Spatial distribution of poverty-stricken counties in China and their natural topographic characteristics and controlling effects[J]. Economic Geography,2017,37(10):157-166]
[33]黄国勇,张敏,夏咏, 等.新疆边境贫困县自然地理环境影响因素实证分析[J].干旱区地理,2015,38(4):814-820.[HUANG Guoyong, ZHANG Min, XIA Yong, et al. Poor effect test of natural geographical environment in arid areas Quantile regression method based on panel data[J]. Arid Land Geography,2015,38(4):814-820]
[34] WANG Jinfeng, LI Xinhu, CHRISTAKOS G, et al. Geographical detectors-based health risk assessment and its application in the neural tube defects study of the Heshun region, China. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 2010, 24(1): 107-127.
[35] 王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.[WANG Jinfeng, XU Chengdong. Geodetector: Principle and prospective [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017,72(1):116-134]
[36] 马丽,金凤君,刘毅.中国经济与环境污染耦合度格局及工业结构解析[J].地理学报,2012,67(10):1299-1307.[MA Li, JIN Fengjun, LIU Yi. Spatial pattern and industrial sector structure analysis on the coupling and coordinating degree of regional economic development and environmental pollution in China [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012,67(10):1299-1307]
[37] 廖重斌. 环境与经济协调发展的定量评判及其分类体系——以珠江三角洲城市群为例[J]. 热带地理,1999, 19(2):171-177.[LIAO Chongbin. Quantitaitve judgement and classification system for coordinated development of environment amd economy —A case study of the city group in the Pearl River Delta [J]. Tropical Geography,1999, 19(2):171-177]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2019-11-04; 改回日期:2020-05-07
基金项目(Foundation item):安徽省高校人文社会科学重点研究项目(SK2016A041); 国家自然科学基金项目(41771177)。[Humanities and Social Sciences Key Projects of Anhui Province(SK2016A041); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771177)]
作者简介(Biography):杨娜(1995-),女,安徽阜阳人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:区域经济。[YANG Na(1995-), female, born in Fuyang, Anhui province, M.Sc. candidate, research on regional economy] E-mail: 897392385@qq.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):赵春雨(1975-),女,博士,教授,主要研究方向:经济地理。[ZHAO Chunyu(1975-),female, Ph.D., professor, specialized in economic geography] E-mail:chyzh876@mail.ahnu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2020-05-30