[1]李彦稷,胡凯衡*.基于扇形地形态特征的泥石流危险评估[J].山地学报,2017,(01):32-38.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000193]
　LI Yanji,HU Kaiheng.Risk Assessment Based on Morphological Characteristics of Debris Flow Alluvial Fan[J].Mountain Research,2017,(01):32-38.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000193]
点击复制

基于扇形地形态特征的泥石流危险评估()
分享到：

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2017年01期
页码:
32-38
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2017-01-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Risk Assessment Based on Morphological Characteristics of Debris Flow Alluvial Fan
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2017)1-32-07
作者:
李彦稷1; 2; 3;  胡凯衡1; 2*
1.中国科学院 山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,四川 成都 610041;
2.中国科学院水利部 成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川 成都 610041;
3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
Author(s):
LI Yanji1; 2; 3;  HU Kaiheng1; 2
1.Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China;
2.Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China;
3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
关键词:
泥石流; 扇形地; 危险性评估; 遥感
Keywords:
Debris flow;  alluvial fan;  risk assessment;  remote sensing
分类号:
P642.23
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000193
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
泥石流扇形地是山地居民生产生活的重要场所,也是泥石流泛滥危害的场地。科学评估泥石流扇形地的危险性,对扇形地开发具有重要意义。本文以对小江流域大白泥沟为研究对象,通过野外实地调查与成灾分析,结合泥石流扇形地形态特征和泥石流危害频率两个要素,建立了以距扇顶距离、与扇主轴夹角和危害频率为变量的定量扇形地危险性分布模型。结果表明:(1)泥石流扇形地上距离泥石流出山口越远,与主流线夹角越大的位置,受泥石流危害越小。(2)本模型在大白泥沟应用的计算结果与现场勘察验证结论相吻合,表明评估模型比较合理。(3)该模型所涉及的参数——距扇顶的长度、与扇主轴的夹角、危害频率,均可通过GIS和遥感分析得到,简单实用,为泥石流扇形地危险性评估工作提供了一种原理简单、计算方便的新方法。
Abstract:
In the mountainous areas it is quite common for people to settle on the stretch of alluvial fans consisted primarily of debris flow sedimentation, where specific settlements are highly vulnerable than other places in case of debris flow strike. A scientific risk assessment of the alluvial fan would be of great significance in the later commercial exploitation of the fan.Aimed to Dabaini Gully of Xiaojiang basin, Yunnan as a case study, this research completed field surveys and performed an integrated analysis of disaster formations, and then two factors, the morphological characteristics of debris flow alluvial fan with occurrence frequency of debris flow were combined to introduce a quantitative risk distribution model of the fan, which depended on three variable parameters, the distance from fan apex, the angle between fan's main axis and the occurrence frequency.Results confirmed:(1)Damages incurred by debris flow strike lied in the relative position of the settlement to the debris flow gully. Settlements located at a site far from the gully mouth, or at a larger separation angle with the mainstream line of debris flow would be less danger;(2)The application of the model to Dabaini Gully verified that a fine agreement between the field observation with the modeling was established, justifying the validation of the model;(3)Involved parameters of the model referred to the distance from fan apex, the included angle from fan axis and occurrence frequency, where all those values can be readily acquired by remote sensing and GIS analysis. The work provided a simple and convenient calculation method for risk assessment of debris flow fan.

参考文献/References:

[1] 中华人民共和国水利部. 水利部发布《第一次全国水利普查水土保持情况公报》 [EB]. http://www.mwr.gov.cn/slzx/slyw/201305/t20130517_435841.html [The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. The bulletin of the first national soil and water conservation situation [EB]. http://www.mwr.gov.cn/slzx/slyw/201305/t20130517_435841.html ]
[2] 中华人民共和国水利部. 全国水土保持监测公报 [EB/OL].(2004-12-30)
[2015-6-10]. http://www.cnscm.org/jcgg/qgstbcjcgg/jcgg_2003.aspx [The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. The bulletin of the first national soil and water conservation monitoring [EB/OL].(2004-12-30)
[2015-6-10]. http://www.cnscm.org/jcgg/qgstbcjcgg/jcgg_2003.aspx]
[3] 孙泉忠, 王朝军, 赵佳, 等. 中国降雨侵蚀力R值指标研究进展 [J].中国农业通报, 2011,27(4):1-5 [SUN Quanzhong, WANG Zhaojun, ZHAO Jia, et al. Research evolution of rainfall erosivity(R)in China [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(4):1-5]
[4] 廖鑫, 徐学选, 刘普灵, 等. 基于日雨量的延安地区降雨侵蚀力动态特征分析 [J].水土保持研究, 2009, 16(2):34-37 [LIAO Xin, XU Xuexuan, LIU Puling, et al. The dynamic feature analysis of rainfall erosivity in Yan'an area based on daily rainfall amounts [J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2009, 16(2):34-37]
[5] 惠振德, 李晓玲. 陕西汉江流域水土流失及其治理对策研究 [J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版), 1997, 25(2):77-80 [HU Zhende, LI Xiaoling. Soil erosion and water loss and related countermeasures in Hanjiang Basin, Shaanxi province [J]. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 1997, 25(2):77-80]
[6] WISCHMEIER W H, DWIGHT D Smith. Rainfall energy and its relationship to soil loss [J]. Transactions American Geophysical Union. 1958, 39(2):285-291
[7] 王万忠. 黄土地区降雨侵蚀力R指标的研究 [J].中国水土保持, 1987,(12):34-40 [WANG Wanzhong. Research of rainfall erosivity(R)in Loess region [J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 1987,(12):34-40]
[8] 章文波,付金生. 不同类型雨量资料估算降雨侵蚀力[J].资源科学, 2003,25(1):35-41 [ZHANG Wenbo, FU Jinsheng. Rainfall erosivity estimation under different rainfall amount [J].Resources Science, 2003, 25(1):35-41]
[9] 章文波, 谢云, 刘宝元.中国降雨侵蚀力空间变化特征 [J].山地学报, 2003, 21(1):33-40 [ZHANG Wenbo, XIE Yun, LIU Baoyuan. Spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity in China [J]. Mountain Research, 2003, 21(1):33-40]
[10] 王万忠. 黄土地区降雨特性与土壤流失关系的研究 [J].水土保持通报, 1984(2):12-15 [WANG Wanzhong. Study of the relations between rainfall characteristics and loss of soil in Loess region [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 1984(2):12-15]
[11] 章文波,谢云,刘宝元.利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究 [J].地理科学, 2002, 22(6):705-711 [ZHANG Wenbo, XIE Yun, LIU Baoyuan. Rainfall erosivity estimation using daily rainfall amount [J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2002, 22(6):705-711]
[12] 王爱娟,李智广,刘峰. 长江上游水蚀区降雨侵蚀力的时空分布特征 [J].水土保持通报, 2013, 33(1):8-11 [WANG Aijuan, LI Zhiguang, LIU Feng. Spatiotemporal distribution of rainfall erosivity for water erosion district in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River [J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 33(1):8-11]
[13] 章文波, 谢云, 刘宝元.降雨侵蚀力研究进展 [J].水土保持学报, 2002, 16(5):43-46 [ZHANG Wenbo, XIE Yun, LIU Baoyuan. Research evolution of rainfall erosivity [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2002, 16(5):43-46]
[14] 冯彩霞, 董婕. 陕南地区近47年来气温、降水变化特征分析[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2011, 25(8):122-126 [FENG Caixia, DONG Jie. Temperature and precipitation change characteristic in the south region of Shaanxi Province in recent 47 years [J]. Journal of Arid Land Resource and Environment, 2011, 25(8):122-126

相似文献/References:

[1]蒋志林,朱静,常鸣,等.汶川地震区红椿沟泥石流形成物源量动态演化特征[J].山地学报,2014,(01):81.
　JIANG Zhilin,ZHU Jing,CHANG Ming,et al.Dynamic Evolution Characteristics of Hongchun Gully Source Area of Debris Flow in Wenchuan Earthquake Region[J].Mountain Research,2014,(01):81.
[2]常鸣,唐川,蒋志林,等.强震区都江堰市龙池镇泥石流物源的遥感动态演变[J].山地学报,2014,(01):89.
　CHANG Ming,TANG Chuan,JIANG Zhilin,et al.Dynamic Evolution Process of Sediment Supply for Debris Flow Occurrence in Longchi of Dujiangyan，Wenchuan Earthquake Area[J].Mountain Research,2014,(01):89.
[3]王 钧,欧国强,杨 顺,等.地貌信息熵在地震后泥石流危险性评价中的应用[J].山地学报,2013,(01):83.
　WANG Jun,OU Guoqiang,YANG Shun,et al.Applicability of Geomorphic Information Entropy in the Postearthquake Debris Flow Risk Assessment[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):83.
[4]王东坡,何思明,葛胜锦,等.“9?07”彝良地震诱发次生山地灾害调查及减灾建议[J].山地学报,2013,(01):101.
　WANG Dongpo,HE Siming,GE Shengjin,et al.Mountain Hazards Induced by the Earthquake of Sep 07，2012 in Yiliang and the Suggestions of Disaster Reduction[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):101.
[5]喻 武,万 丹,汪书丽,等.藏东南泥石流沉积区植物群落结构和物种多样性特征[J].山地学报,2013,(01):120.
　YU Wu,WAN Dan,WANG Shuli,et al.Community Structure and Species Diversity of Debris Flow Deposition Area in Southeast of Tibet,China[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):120.
[6]崔鹏,陈晓清,张建强,等.“4·20”芦山7.0级地震次生山地灾害活动特征与趋势[J].山地学报,2013,(03):257.
　CUI Peng,CHEN Xiaoqing,ZHANG Jianqiang,et al.Activities and Tendency of Mountain Hazards Induced by the Ms7.0 Lushan Earthquake，April 20，2013[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):257.
[7]邹强,崔鹏,杨伟,等.G318川藏公路段泥石流危险性评价[J].山地学报,2013,(03):342.
　ZOU Qiang,CUI Peng,YANG Wei.Hazard Assessment of Debris Flows along G318 Sichuan-Tibet Highway[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):342.
[8]王根龙,张茂省,于国强,等.舟曲2010年“8·8”特大泥石流灾害致灾因素[J].山地学报,2013,(03):349.
　WANG Genlong,ZHANG Maosheng,YU Guoqiang,et al.Factor Analysis for Catastrophic Debris Flows on August 8，2010 in Zhouqu City of Gansu，China[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):349.
[9]陈源井,余斌,朱渊,等.地震后泥石流临界雨量变化特征——以汶川地震区小岗剑沟为例[J].山地学报,2013,(03):356.
　CHEN Yuanjing,YU Bin,ZHU Yuan,et al.Characteristics of Critical Rainfall of Debris Flow after Earthquake——A Case Study of the Xiaogangjian Gully[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):356.
[10]游勇,柳金峰,陈兴长,等.芦山“4·20”地震后宝兴县城打水沟泥石流发育趋势及防治方案[J].山地学报,2013,(04):495.
　YOU Yong,LIU Jinfeng,CHEN Xingzhang.The Potential Tendency and Mitigation Measures of Dashui Gully in Baoxing Coutny after Lushan“4?20”Earthquake of Schuan[J].Mountain Research,2013,(01):495.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
基金项目(Foundation item):国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371039); 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB452704); 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室开放基金 [National Natural Science Foundation of China(41371039); National Program on Key Basic Research Project(2015CB452704); Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes, Chinese Academy of Sciences]
作者简介(Biography):李彦稷(1991-),女,汉族,云南昆明人,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:山地灾害防治工程 [Li Yanji(1991- ), female, born in Kunming, Yunnan Province, M.Sc. candidate, research on debris flows] E-mail:501830073@qq.com
*通信作者(Corresponding author):胡凯衡(1975-),男,博士,研究员。主要研究方向:泥石流减灾理论与技术、泥石流动力学过程和数值模拟研究 [Hu Kaiheng(1975-), male, Ph.D., professor, born in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, specialized in debris flow mechanism and mitigation] E-mail:khhu@imde.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-01-30