[1]李春雨,等.泥石流叠加堆积形态演化特征的实验研究[J].山地学报,2022,(2):235-248.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000668]
　LI Chunyu,LIU Jingjing*,CHEN Xiaoqing,et al.Experimental Investigation on the Morphological Evolution of Superimposed Deposition of Debris Flow[J].Mountain Research,2022,(2):235-248.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000668]
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泥石流叠加堆积形态演化特征的实验研究
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2022年第2期
页码:
235-248
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2022-03-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Experimental Investigation on the Morphological Evolution of Superimposed Deposition of Debris Flow
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2022)2-235-14
作者:
李春雨1;  2; 刘晶晶1;  2*; 陈晓清1; 李琪敏1;  2
1. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,成都 610041; 2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
Author(s):
LI Chunyu1; 2;  LIU Jingjing1; 2*;  CHEN Xiaoqing1;  LI Qimin1; 2
1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Process,Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy, Chengdu 610041, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
关键词:
泥石流;  叠加堆积;  堆积形态;  偏移度
Keywords:
debris flow;  superimposed deposition;  depositional morphology;  offset degree
分类号:
P642.23
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000668
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
泥石流堆积扇因叠加堆积过程而呈现复杂的地貌演化特征,如主体流路改变、扇体形态偏移等。目前对泥石流叠加堆积过程的研究较少,也未提出定量的形态偏移指标,这为泥石流预防和堆积扇土地利用带来困难。本文以代表性宽级配泥石流堆积物为原型材料,通过水槽实验,模拟不同密度泥石流的叠加堆积及其形态演化。利用3D扫描重建技术,对堆积形态的几何特征及演化过程进行了定量分析。结果表明:(1)泥石流叠加堆积过程可概括为纵向—垂向—横向三个发展阶段;(2)在密度相同的条件下,泥石流的堆积长度随叠加次数增加呈指数型衰减,堆积厚度呈幂次增加并逐渐稳定于一定极限值,堆积宽度随叠加次数增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势;(3)扇体形态偏移度与泥石流性质、运动特征以及堆积区地形之间存在幂函数关系。本研究明确了泥石流叠加堆积的物理过程和演化特征,建立了泥石流扇体形态偏移度的判别公式,为预测泥石流冲淤及致灾范围提供了理论基础,也为泥石流防治工程优化设计提供数据支撑。
Abstract:
Debris flow fans are generally created by superposition of multiple debris flows. As a chain of debris flows successively run out of gully mouth and then deposit on piedmont slope, they generally alter main flow path of debris flow and lead to deformation of alluvial fan, quite possibly resulting in deviation of the axis of debris flow fan and expansion in sedimentation ground, posing great threats to the local community in the vicinity. Unfortunately, little attention was paid to the phenomenon of superposition of debris flow fans as well as associated morphological evolution, and there was no quantitative description on morphological migration of debris flow fans. In this study, a flume model experiment was designed to simulate the superimposed deposition of multiple debris flows. Debris flows with densities of 2.00 g?cm-3, 1.90 g?cm-3, and 1.80 g?cm-3 were modelled using wide grading debris flow deposits. Then the morphology of debris flows was measured and visualized in form of DEM, and the evolution was described by the geometry and flow parameters. The results show that:(1)According to the features of superimposed deposition of multiple debris flows, the process could be divided into three stages: longitudinal, vertical and horizontal development stage.(2)Under the condition of the same density, the deposition length of debris flow decayed exponentially with the superposition times, while the deposition thickness increased exponentially to a limit; And the deposition width of debris flow increased at first and then decreases with the superposition times.(3)The offset degree of depositional morphology was a function of debris flow density, velocity and topography of the deposition area, which was greater under the condition of high density and low velocity of debris flow. This research not only clarifies the physical process and morphological evolution of superimposed deposition of multiple debris flows, but also establishes a discrimination formula for the offset degree of depositional morphology. It provides a theoretical basis for predicting the disaster range of debris flow.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2022-03-03; 改回日期(Accepted date):2022-04-21
基金项目(Foundation item):国家自然科学基金(41877261,U19A2049); 中国科学院西部青年学者项目(E2R2180180)。 [National Natural Science Foundation of China(41877261,U19A2049); West Young Scholars Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(E2R2180180)]
作者简介(Biography):李春雨(1997-),女,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:山地灾害理论及工程防治。 [LI Chunyu(1997-), female, born in Zhumadian, Henan province, M.Sc. candidate, research on mountain disaster theory and engineering prevention] E-mail: lichunyu0331@126.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):刘晶晶(1981-),女,四川成都人,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向:山地灾害理论及工程防治。[LIU Jingjing(1981-), female, born in Chengdu, Sichuan province, Ph.D., associate professor, research on mountain disaster theory and engineering prevention] E-mail: liujingjing@imde.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-03-30