[1]赵广东,陈 健,史作民*,等.川西亚高山暗针叶林土壤温度和水分动态及其与气象因子的关系[J].山地学报,2021,(2):183-193.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000586]
 ZHAO Guangdong,CHEN Jian,SHI Zuomin*,et al.Soil Temperature and Moisture Dynamics and Their Relationship with Meteorological Factors of Subalpine Dark Coniferous Forest in Western Sichuan,China[J].Mountain Research,2021,(2):183-193.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000586]
点击复制

川西亚高山暗针叶林土壤温度和水分动态及其与气象因子的关系()
分享到:

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2021年第2期
页码:
183-193
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2021-03-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Soil Temperature and Moisture Dynamics and Their Relationship with Meteorological Factors of Subalpine Dark Coniferous Forest in Western Sichuan,China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2021)2-183-11
作者:
赵广东12陈 健12史作民123*杨洪国4许格希12
1. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091; 2. 四川米亚罗森林生态系统定位观测研究站,四川 理县 623100; 3.南京林业大学 南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京 210037; 4. 中国林业科学研究院 湿地研究所,北京 100091
Author(s):
ZHAO Guangdong12 CHEN Jian12 SHI Zuomin123*YANG Hongguo4XU Gexi12
1.Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091,China; 2.Miyaluo Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystem, Lixian County 623100, Sichuan,China; 3.Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China; 4.Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
关键词:
岷江冷杉 土壤体积含水量 随机森林模型 川西 亚高山
Keywords:
Abies fargesii var. faxoniana soil volume water content random forest model Western Sichuan subalpine region
分类号:
S716.3
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000586
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
暗针叶林是川西亚高山林区的主要森林类型,但目前亚高山暗针叶林气象因子与土壤温度、水分的相关性及其对土壤温度、水分的影响程度尚不清晰。本文运用Pearson相关分析和随机森林模型,分析了2019年川西亚高山暗针叶林土壤温度和体积含水量的动态变化特征及其与气象因子的关系,探讨了气象因子对土壤温度、土壤体积含水量的影响大小。结果表明:(1)5、20和40 cm深度处的土壤平均温度分别为3.97 ℃、3.82 ℃和3.80 ℃,土壤平均体积含水量分别为18.74%、25.08%和12.82%。三个深度处的土壤月平均温度均为1月最低、8月最高,而土壤月平均体积含水量的变化趋势则随深度而不同。(2)在气象因子风速风向、空气温湿度、太阳辐射、光合有效辐射、大气压、降雨量、饱和水汽压差中,除土壤温度与降雨量、土壤体积含水量与风向无显著性相关性(P>0.05)外,三个深度处的土壤温度、体积含水量与其他气象因子均显著相关(P<0.05)。(3)依据随机森林模型的增长均方误差大小,极显著影响5、40 cm深度处土壤温度和三个深度处土壤体积含水量的前四个气象因子均为空气温度、风速、空气相对湿度、大气压(P<0.01),而空气温度、空气相对湿度、风速、大气压则排在极显著影响20 cm深度处土壤温度的前四位(P<0.01)。研究结果可为认识亚高山暗针叶林小气候特征及其对未来环境变化的响应提供参考。
Abstract:
Dark coniferous forest is the main forest type in the subalpine region of Western Sichuan,but the correlation between meteorological factors and soil temperature, soil moisture, their effects on the above two in the subalpine dark coniferous forest are still unclear until now. Soil temperature and volume water content dynamics of dark coniferous forest in western Sichuan in 2019 and their relationship with meteorological factors were studied and the effects of meteorological factors to soil temperature and volume water content was discussed by Random Forest Model. The results showed that:(1)The soil average temperature in the depth of 5 cm, 20 cm and 40 cm was 3.97 ℃, 3.82 ℃,3.80 ℃, and the soil average volume water content at the same position was 18.74%, 25.08%, 12.82%, respectively. The soil monthly average temperature in three different depths was the lowest in January and the highest in August, while the change of the monthly average volume water content varied with the soil depths.(2)Among wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, solar radiation, photosynthetic active radiation, atmospheric pressure, precipitation and saturated water vapor pressure deficit, except for the correlation between soil temperature and rainfall, soil volume water content and wind direction, the soil temperature and volume water content in the three depths were significantly correlated with other meteorological factors(P<0.05).(3)According to the Increased in Mean Squared Error of Random Forest Model, the first four meteorological factors that significantly affected the soil temperature in the depths of 5 cm and 40 cm and the soil volume water content were air temperature, wind speed, air relative humidity and atmospheric pressure(P<0.01). For the soil temperature in the depths of 20 cm, those were air temperature, air relative humidity, wind speed and atmospheric pressure(P<0.01).The research provides a reference for the microclimatic characteristics of subalpine dark coniferous forest and its response to environmental change in the future.

参考文献/References:

[1] 张保华,何毓蓉,周红艺,等.贡嘎山东坡亚高山不同林地土壤水分特性与生态环境效应[J]. 山地学报, 2004, 22(2):207-211. [ZHANG Baohua, HE Yurong, ZHOU Hongyi, et al. Water characteristics and its eco-environmental effects on soils under different subalpine forests on east slope of Gongga Mountain[J]. Mountain Research,2004, 22(2):207-211]
[2] 黄承标, 韦峰, 覃继柔, 等. 广西亚热带森林及空旷地土壤温度的比较研究[J]. 热带亚热带土壤科学, 1993, 2(3):117-124.[HUANG Chengbiao, WEI Feng, QIN Jirou, et al. Comparative investigation on soil temperature of subtropical forest and glade[J]. Tropical and Subtropical Soil Science, 1993, 2(3):117-124]
[3] 王素萍, 张存杰,宋连春,等. 多尺度气象干旱与土壤相对湿度的关系研究[J]. 冰川冻土, 2013, 35(4):865-873.[WANG Suping, ZHANG Cunjie, SONG Lianchun, et al. Relationship between soil relative humidity and the multiscale meteorological drought indexes[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2013, 35(4):865-873]DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2013.0098
[4] 孙金伟,吴家兵,关德新,等. 森林与空旷地空气温湿度及土壤温度的长期对比研究[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(12):2685-2691.[SUN Jinwei, WU Jiabing, GUAN Dexin, et al. A long-term observation on the air temperature, relative humidity, and soil temperature in a mixed forest and its adjacent open site in Changbai Mountains of northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2011,30(12):2685-2691]
[5] WU Fuzhong, YANG Wanqin, ZHANG Jian, et al. Litter decomposition in two subalpine forests during the freeze-thaw season[J]. Acta Oecologica, 2010, 36(1):135-140. DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2009.11.002
[6] 李德文, 高跃, 高志勇.川西亚高山岷江冷杉林小气候特征.四川林业科技, 2006,27(6):30-34. [LI Dewen, GAO Yao, GAO Zhiyong. Characteristics of microclimate in subalpine Abies faxoniana forest in western Sichuan Province. Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology, 2006, 27(6):30-34]
[7] 靳翔,徐庆,刘世荣,等.川西亚高山岷江冷杉和铁杉年轮对气候因子的响应.林业科学,2013,49(1):21-26.[JIN Xiang,XU Qing, LIU Shirong, et al. Responses of the tree-ring of Abies faxoniana and Tsuga chinensis to climate factors in sub-alpine in western Sichuan. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013,49(1):21-26]DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20130104
[8] 汤懋苍, 程国栋, 林振耀. 青藏高原近代气候变化及对环境的影响[M]. 广州:广东科技出版社, 1998:147-150.[TANG Maocang, CHENG Guodong, LIN Zhenyao. Climate change and its impact on the environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in modern times[M]. Guangzhou: Guangdong Science & Technology Press, 1998:147-150]
[9] 蒋有绪. 川西米亚罗亚高山冷杉林区小气候的初步研究[J]. 中国农业气象, 1981, 2(1):71-75[JIANG Youxu. A preliminary study on microclimate of Abies faxoniana forest in western Sichuan[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 1981, 2(1):71-75]
[10] 张保华, 何毓蓉, 周红艺, 等. 贡嘎山东坡亚高山森林土壤水分动态变化分析[J].西南农业学报2003, 16(S1):98-100. [ZHANG Baohua, HE Yurong, ZHOU Hongyi, et al. Analysis of water content dynamics of soils under subalpine forest on east slope of Gongga Mountain[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2003, 16(S1):98-100]
[11] 郑绍伟, 黎燕琼, 何飞,等.卧龙森林生态站林内外主要气象因子对比分析研究[J].成都大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 25(3):210-213.[ZHENG Shaowei, LI Yanqiong, HE Fei, et al. Comparison analysis and research on principal meteorology factors inside & outside Wolong Forest Ecology Station[J]. Journal of Chengdu University(Natural Science), 2006, 25(3):210-213]
[12] 李德文, 兰立达. 川西亚高山白桦林内空气和土壤温度动态[J].四川林业科技, 2005, 26(2):27-32.[LI Dewen, LAN Lida. Temperature dynamics of soil and air in subalpine Betula platyphylla forest in western Sichuan[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2005,26(2):27-32]
[13] 张远彬, 王开运, 鲜骏仁, 等. 川西亚高山白桦林小气候的时空动态特征[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2006, 12(3):297-303.[ZHANG Yuanbin, WANG Kaiyun, XIAN Junren, et al. Temporal and spatial dynamics characteristics of microclimate in subalpine birch forest in western Sichuan. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2006, 12(3):297-303]
[14] 朱育旗, 王德荣, 蒲永波,等.西南亚高山3种典型森林的小气候特征[J]. 四川林业科技, 2009,30(6):12-20.[ZHU Yuqi, WANG Derong, PU Yongbo, et al. Characteristics of microclimate within three typical subalpine forests in southwestern China[J]. Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology, 2009,30(6):12-20]
[15] 张远东, 赵常明, 刘世荣. 川西米亚罗林区森林恢复的影响因子分析[J]. 林业科学, 2005, 41(4):189-193.[ZHANG Yuandong, ZHAO Changming, LIU Shirong. The influence factors of sub-alpine forest restoration in Miyaluo, west Sichuan[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(4):189-193]
[16] NI Xiangyin, YANG Wanqin, LI Han, et al. The responses of early foliar litter humification to reduced snow cover during winter in an alpine forest[J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 2014, 94(4):453-461. DOI: 10.4141/CJSS2013-121
[17] 刘顺, 杨洪国,罗达,等.川西亚高山不同森林类型土壤呼吸和总硝化速率的季节动态. 生态学报, 2019,39(2): 550-560.[LIU Shun, YANG Hongguo, LUO Da, et al. Seasonal dynamics of soil respiration and gross nitrification rate of different subalpine forests in western Sichuan. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019,39(2): 550-560]DOI:10.5846/stxb201712122237
[18] XU Junzeng, WEI Qi, PENG Shizhang, et al. Error of saturation vapor pressure calculated by different formulas and its effect on calculation of reference evapotranspiration in high latitude cold region[J]. Procedia Engineering. 2012, 28:43-48. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.680
[19] WILLMOTT C J. On the validation of models[J]. Physical Geography, 1981, 2(2): 184-194. DOI: 10.1080/02723646.1981.10642213
[20] BREIMAN L. Random forests[J]. Machine Learning, 2001, 45(1):5-32.
[21] 马生丽, 武小钢, 孙凡, 等. 北京城区人工构筑物对比邻绿地土壤温度和含水量的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2015, 35(2):537-546. [MA Shengli, WU Xiaogang, SUN Fan, et al. Horizontal impacts of urban constructed bodies or patches on the temperature and moisture patterns in the soil of adjacent green space in urban areas of Beijing[J]. Acta Ecoligca Sinica, 2015, 35(2):537-546] DOI:10.5846/stxb201303290554
[22] 车宗玺, 李进军, 汪有奎, 等. 祁连山西段草地土壤温度、水分变化特征[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(1):105-111.[CHE Zongxi, LI Jinjun, WANG Youkui, et al. Characteristics of soil temperature and water content variation in the western Qilian Mountains[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(1):105-111] DOI:10.5846/stxb201612292695
[23] 王世岩, 杨永兴, 杨波. 三江平原典型湿地土壤温度变化及其影响因子分析[J]. 地理研究, 2003, 22(3):129-136. [WANG Shiyan, YANG Yongxing, YANG Bo. Study on temperature of typical types of wetland soils and its influencing factors in the Sanjiang Plain[J]. Geographical Research, 2003, 22(3):129-136]
[24] 崔爱花, 杜传莉, 黄国勤, 等. 秸秆覆盖量对红壤旱地棉花生长及土壤温度的影响[J].生态学报, 2018, 38(2):733-740.[CUI Aihua, DU Chuanli, HUANG Guoqin, et al. Effects of straw mulching amount on cotton growth and soil temperature in red soil drylands[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(2):733-740]DOI:10.5846/stxb201610272194
[25] 郝俊, 陈超, 王建立, 等.贵州喀斯特山区人工草地-农田景观土壤温度界面季节性变化[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(11):3816-3823.[HAO Jun, CHEN Chao, WANG Jianli, et al. Seasonal variation of the edge influence of soil temperature on cultivated grassland-cropland boundaries in Karst areas of Guizhou Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(11):3816-3823] DOI: 10.5846/stxb201604200744
[26] RAPPJ M, SILMAN M R. Diurnal, seasonal, and altitudinal trends in microclimate across a tropical montane cloud forest[J]. Climate Research, 2012, 55(1):17-32. DOI:10.3354/cr01127
[27] 马鸿儒, 吉春容, 李新建, 等. 天山中部白杨沟天然林区森林小气候观测与分析[J]. 干旱区研究 2011, 28(2):251-254.[MA Hongru, JI Chunrong, LI Xinjian, et al. Observation and analysis on microclimate in the natural forest zone in the central Tianshan Mountains[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2011, 28(2):251-254]
[28] 李卫朋, 范继辉, 沙玉坤, 等. 藏北高寒草原土壤温度变化与冻融特征[J]. 山地学报, 2014, 32(4):407-416.[LI Weipeng, FAN Jihui, SHA Yukun, et al. Soil temperature variation and thaw-freezing cycle in the alpine cold steppe, northern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Mountain Research,2014, 32(4):407-416]
[29] 欧阳旭, 李跃林, 张倩媚. 鼎湖山针阔叶混交林小气候调节效应[J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(3):575-582.[OUYANG Xu, LI Yuelin, ZHANG Qianmei. Characteristics of microclimate in a mixed coniferous and broadleaf forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2014, 33(3):575-582]DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2014.0044
[30] 何吉成, 罗天祥, 徐雨晴. 藏东南色季拉山急尖长苞冷杉(Abies georgei var. smithii)林线的生态气候特征[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(1):41-50.[HE Jicheng, LUO Tianxiang, XU Yuqing. Characteristics of eco-climate at smith fir timberline in the Sergyemla Mountains, southeast Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(1):41-50]
[31] 杨民益, 杜阿朋, 王彦辉. 六盘山华北落叶松人工林地土壤水分动态研究[J]. 水土保持研究, 2009, 16(6):129-134. [YANG Minyi, DU Apeng, WANG Yanhui. Dynamics of soil water under Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in the Liupan Mountains[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2009, 16(6):129-134]
[32] 杨艳刚, 江源, 张文涛, 等. 山西芦芽山林线附近土壤水分空间分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2012, 28(2):120-127.[YANG Yangang, JIANG Yuan, ZHANG Wentao, et al. Spatial distribution of soil water content and its influential factors in transition zone along the treeline of Luya Mountain, Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2012,28(2):120-127]
[33] 余新晓, 赵玉涛, 张志强, 等. 长江上游亚高山暗针叶林土壤水分入渗特征研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(1): 15-19. [YU Xinxiao, ZHAO Yutao, ZHANG Zhiqiang, et al. Characteristics of soil water infiltration in sub-alpine dark coniferous ecosystem of upper reaches of Yangtze River[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(1):15-19]
[34] 肖金香, 方运霆. 江西资溪县马头山自然保护区森林小气候变化特征研究[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2003, 25(5):20-24. [XIAO Jinxiang, FANG Yunting. Studies on variation characteristics of forest microclimate in Matoushan Nature Reserve in Zixi County[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2003, 25(5):20-24]
[35] 王霞, 李永涛, 魏海霞, 等. 黄河三角洲白蜡人工林小气候特征的时空动态变化[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2017, 45(4):60-64+80.[WANG Xia, LI Yongtao, WEI Haixia, et al. Spatial temporal variation process of microclimate characteristics of Fraxinus chinensis plantation in the Yellow River Delta[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2017, 45(4):60-64,80] DOI:10.13759/j.cnki.dlxb.2017.04.012
[36] 陈媛媛. 杉木人工林土壤水分与环境因子关系研究[D]. 长沙:中南林业科技大学, 2013:30-31. [CHEN Yuanyuan. The relations of Chinese fir plantation soil moisture and environmental factors[D]. Changsha: Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 2013:30-31]
[37] 唐振兴, 何志斌, 刘鹄. 祁连山中段林草交错带土壤水热特征及其对气象要素的响应[J]. 生态学报,2012, 32(4):1056-1065.[TANG Zhenxing, HE Zhibin, LIU Hu. Soil moisture and temperature characteristics of forest-grassland ecotone in middle Qilian Mountains and the responses to meteorological factors[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(4):1056-1065] DOI: 10.5846/stxb201010091418
[38] 祁威, 张镱锂, 刘林山, 等. 羌塘高原核心区2013-2014年土壤温度变化特征[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(11):2075-2087. [QI Wei, ZHANG Yili, LIU Linshan, et al. Characteristics of soil temperature variation in core region of northern Tibetan Plateau in China during 2013-2014[J]. Geographical Research, 2017, 36(11):2075-2087] DOI:10.11821/dlyj201711004
[39] 李沙, 刘冬梅, 孙辉. 西南亚高山森林土壤表层温度变化特征及拟合模型[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2013, 28(3):34-39. [LI Sha, LIU Dongmei, SUN Hui. Annual temperature dynamic characteristics and modeling of subalpine forest topsoil in southwestern China[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2013, 28(3):34-39]DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.03.06
[40] 杨绍富, 刘志辉, 闫彦, 等. 融雪期土壤湿度与土壤温度、气温的关系[J]. 干旱区研究, 2008, 25(5):642-646. [YANG Shaofu, LIU Zhihui, YAN Yan, et al. Preliminary study on soil humidity and its relationships with soil temperature and air temperature in snow melting season[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2008, 25(5):642-646]
[41] 邹平, 杨劲松, 姚荣江. 土壤温度时间序列预测的BP神经网络模型研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2008, 16(4):835-838. [ZOU Ping, YANG Jinsong, YAO Rongjiang. Application of BP neural network in forecasting soil temperature time-series[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2008, 16(4):835-838]DOI:10.3724/SP.J1011.2008.00835
[42] 贺庆棠.气象学(修订版)[M].北京:中国林业出版社, 1993:179-184. [HE Qingtang. Meteorology(revised edition)[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 1993:179-184]
[43] 徐飞, 贾仰文, 牛存稳, 等. 横断山区气温和降水年季月变化特征[J]. 山地学报, 2018, 36(2):171-183. [XU Fei, JIA Yangwen, NIU Cunwen, et al. Variation character of annual, seasonal and monthly temperature and precipitation [J]. Mountain Research, 2018,36(2):171-783] DOI:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000313
[44] 何兴潼, 袁淑杰, 谷晓平,等. 贵州省喀斯特区域土壤水分持续上升时期气象要素对土壤水分的影响[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018, 38(2):87-94. [HE Xingtong, YUAN Shujie, GU Xiaoping, et al. Response of soil moisture in arising term to meteorological factors over karst area of Guizhou Province[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 38(2):87-94] DOI: 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2018.02.015

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2020-03-18; 改回日期(Accepted date):2021-03-18
基金项目(Foundation item):中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2016MA004,CAFZC2017M004)[Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Non-profit Institution of CAF(CAFYBB2016MA004,CAFZC2017M004)
作者简介(Biography):赵广东(1974-),男,山东泰安人,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向:森林生态学与植物生理生态学。[ZHAO Guangdong(1974-), male, born in Taian, Shandong province, Ph.D., associate professor,research on forest ecology and plant physiological ecology] E-mail: zhaogdcaf@126.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):史作民(1968-),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向:全球变化生态学、恢复生态学和森林生物多样性保育。[SHI Zuomin(1968-), male, Ph.D., professor, specialized in global change ecology, restoration ecology and forest biodiversity conservation]E-mail: shizm@caf.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-03-30