[1]杨庆华,侯献华*,杨振京,等.柴达木盆地西部末次间冰期以来植被特征及其环境变化[J].山地学报,2017,(05):742-752.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000274]
 YANG Qinghua,HOU Xianhua*,YANG Zhenjing,et al.Vegetation Characteristics and Environmental Changes since the Last Interglacial Period in Western Qaidam Basin[J].Mountain Research,2017,(05):742-752.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000274]
点击复制

柴达木盆地西部末次间冰期以来植被特征及其环境变化()
分享到:

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2017年05期
页码:
742-752
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2017-09-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Vegetation Characteristics and Environmental Changes since the Last Interglacial Period in Western Qaidam Basin
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2017)5-742-11
作者:
杨庆华1侯献华2*杨振京1毛建业3
1.中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北 石家庄 050800;
2.中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 国土资源部盐湖资源与环境重点实验室,北京100037;
3.青海省柴达木综合地质矿产勘查院, 青海 格尔木 816000
Author(s):
YANG Qinghua1 HOU Xianhua2* YANG Zhenjing1 MAO Jianye3
1.Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China;
2.Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment of Saline Lake, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100037, China;
3.Qaidam Comprehensive Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration Institute of Qinghai Province,Golmud 816000, Qinghai, China
关键词:
孢粉分析 植被特征 末次间冰期 气候特征 柴达木盆地
Keywords:
Sporo-pollen analysis vegetation characteristics last interglacial climatic characteristics western Qaidam Basin
分类号:
Q913.84,P534.63
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000274
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
柴达木盆地干旱已久,其西部深厚的湖相地层记录着环境演变的过程。本文通过对大浪滩ZK06钻孔沉积物孢粉分析,结合铀系测年数据,根据孢粉沉积运移总浓度变化、区域代表性针叶乔木植物与草本植物彼此消长的变化、蕨类植物孢子峰值出现等特征,探讨了本区末次间冰期以来特征时期的植被演替及环境演变,并对MIS5~MIS2各阶段柴达木盆地西部的气候及环境变化进行了区域对比。初步得出柴达木盆地西部末次间冰期以来伴随青藏高原的阶段性隆升效应以及全球变化的影响下,虽然区域总体植被类型更替不太明显,但在湖水咸化的成盐期孢粉浓度很低,反映出干旱的成盐期环境下植被稀少,在湖水淡化的碎屑沉积期孢粉总浓度较高,表明气候转为湿润,盆地周边山地森林面积增加和盆地草原扩张。MIS5阶段以来总体趋势为盐层厚度逐渐增加、碎屑淤泥层厚度逐渐减少、孢粉总浓度逐渐降低、草本植物花粉百分比逐渐减少、乔木植物花粉百分比逐渐增加。由于本区受冰川融水引起河流径流量的变化对湖水供给影响较大,导致该区湖水水质咸化与淡化以及水位升降的变化因素较为复杂。进入MIS1阶段盆地西部大浪滩盐湖完全干涸,中全新世大暖期并未出现湖泊水位上升和湖水淡化现象,可能受区域构造运动的影响控制。
Abstract:
The Qaidam Basin has undergone drought for a quite long time, and the deep lacustrine facies in the western Qaidam Basin records the process of environmental evolution.Based on the analysis of sporo-pollen in the sediments from Drilling core ZK06 in Dalangtan and total concentration change of pollen deposition as well as migration, mutual growth and decline change of regional representative coniferous tree plants and herbaceous plants and peak features of fern spore, in combination with the U-series dating data, vegetation succession and environmental evolution since the last interglacial period in study area were discussed and the climate and environment in various stages of MIS5-MIS2 in the western Qaidam Basin were compared.It is concluded that along with the phased uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and under the influence of global climate change, although the overall regional vegetation alteration is not obvious, yet the pollen concentration was very low in the salinization period of lake water, reflecting that the vegetation was sparse under dry salinization environment.The total pollen concentration was higher in clastic sedimentary period of lake water desalination, indicating that the climate turned humid, the area of montane forest around the basin increased and basin grassland expanded.Since MIS5 stage, the overall trend was that the thickness of salt gradually increased, the thickness of mud debris layer gradually decreased, the total pollen concentration gradually decreased, herb pollen percentage gradually decreased and tree pollen percentage gradually increased.Because the changes of river flows induced by the glacial meltwater in the study area greatly affected water supply to the lake, the factors affecting sanilization and desanilization of lake water and the change of lake water level were more complex.In the MIS1 stage Dalangtan Saline Lake in western basin completely dried up, in the Holocene megathermal period the rise of lake water and desinilazation did not appear, perhaps resulting from the control by the regional tectonic movement effect.

参考文献/References:

[1] 郑度,姚檀栋.青藏高原隆升及其环境效应[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(15):451-458[ZHENG Du, YAO Tandong.Up lifting of Tibetan Plateau with its environmental effects [J].Advances in Earth Science, 2006,21(15):451-458]
[2] 许清海,李月丛,阳小兰,等.北方草原区主要群落类型表土花粉分析[J].地理研究,2005,24(3):395-402[XU Qinghai, LI Yuecong, YANG Xiaolan, et al.Study on surface pollen of major steppe communities in Northern China [J].Geographical Research, 2005,24(3):395-402]
[3] 朱筱敏,康安,韩德馨,等.柴达木盆地第四纪环境演变、构造变形与青藏高原隆升的关系等[J].地质科学,2003,38(3):367-376 [ZHU Xiaomin, KANG An, HAN Dexin, et al.Relation among quaternary environmental evolution, tectonic deformation in the Qaidam basin and uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau [J].Chinese Journal Of Geology, 2003,38(3):367-376]
[4] 孙非非,张菀漪,巩俊成,等.柴达木盆地上新世晚期以来古气候演变的孢粉环境指标重建[J].地质评论,2010,56(5):621-628 [SUN Feifei, ZHANG Wanyi, GONG Juncheng, et al.The palaeoenvironmental reconstruction on pollen proxy in the Qaidam basin since late Pliocene [J].Geological Review, 2003,38(3):367-376]
[5] 方小敏,吴福莉,韩文霞,等.上新世-第四纪亚洲内陆干旱化过程-柴达木中部鸭湖剖面孢粉和盐类化学指标证据[J].第四纪研究,2008,28(5):874-882 [FANG Xiaomin, WU Fuli, HAN Wenxia, et al.Plio-pleistocene drying process of asian inland-Sporopollen and salinity records from Yahu section in the central Qaidam basin [J].Quaternary Research, 2008,28(5):874-882]
[6] 江德昕,杨惠秋.青海达布逊湖50万年以来气候变化的孢粉学证据[J].沉积学报,2001,19(1):101-106[JIANG Dexin,YANG Huiqiu.Palynological evidence for climatic changes in Dabuxun lake of Qinghai province during the past 500,000 years [J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,19(1):101-106]
[7] 潘安定,陈碧珊.柴达木盆地尕海湖晚第四纪古环境[M].北京:气象出版社.2010:1-10[PAN Anding, CHENG Bishan.Paleoenvironment of late Quaternary in the Gahai lake Qaidam Basin [M].Beijing: Meteorological Publishing House, 2010:1-10]
[8] 叶传永,王志明,赵世勤,等.青海尕斯库勒盐湖沉积物孢粉组合特征与铀分布关系初探.[J].地质论评,59(3):479-488[YE Chuanyong,WANG Zhiming,ZHAO Shiqing,et al.Priliminary study of the relationship between pollen assemblages and Uranium distribution in Gasikule salt lake's sediments,Qaidam basin [J].Geological Review, 59(3):479-488]
[9] 沈振枢,童国榜,张俊牌,等.青海柴达木盆地西部上新世以来的地质环境与成盐期[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1990,10(4):89-99 [SHENG Zhenshu, TONG Guobang, ZHANG Junpai, et al.Geological environments since Pliocene and accumulation process of saline deposit in west Qaidam basin Qinhai china [J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1990,10(4):89-99]
[10] 康安,朱筱敏,韩德馨,等.柴达木盆地第四纪孢粉组合及古气候波动[J].地质通报,2003,22(1):12-15[Kang An, Zhu Xiaomin, Han Dexin, et al.Quaternary sporopollen assemblages and paleoclimetic fluctuation in the Qaidam basin [J].Geological Bulletin of China, 2003,22(1):12-15]
[11] 张彭熹,张保珍.柴达木地区近三百万年来古气候环境演化的初步研究[J].地理学报,1991,46(3):327-335[ZHANG Pengxi,ZHANG Baozhen.Preliminary study on paleoclimate and paleoenvironment of the Qaidum region since three million years ago [J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 1991,46(3):327-335]
[12] 王永贵,李义民,陈宗颜,等.柴达木盆地第四纪沉积环境演化[J].水文地质工程地质,2009,1:128-132[WANG Yonggui, LI Yimin, CHEN Zongyan, et al.Evolution of the sedimentary environment in the Qaidam basin over the quaternary period [J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, 2009,1:128-132]
[13] 陈晔,袁林旺,周春林,等.柴达木盆地第四纪古气候变化在自然伽马测井曲线上的记录[J].古地理学报,2001,3(2):29-37 [CHENG Ye, YUAN Linwang, ZHOU Chunlin, et al.Quaternary palaeoclimate changes recorded by natural gamma logging curve in Qaidam basin [J].Journal of Palaeogeography, 2001,3(2):29-37.]
[14] 姚檀栋,Thompson LG,施雅风,等.古里雅冰芯中末次间冰期以来气候变化记录研究[J]中国科学.D辑,27(5): 447-452 [YAO Tandong, Thompson LG, SHI Yafeng,et al.Since the last interglacial climatechange in the ice core record study [J].Chinese Science D, 27(5): 447-452]
[15] 李吉均,方小敏,潘保田等.新生代晚期青藏高原强烈隆起及其对周边环境的影响[J].第四纪研究,2001,21(5):381-391[LI Jijun,FANG Xiaomin,PAN Baotian, et al.Late cenocoic intensive uplift of Qinghai-xizang plateau and its impacts on environments in surrounding area [J].Quaternary Sciences,2001,21(5):381-391.]
[16] 施雅风,李吉均,李炳元,等.晚新生代青藏高原的隆升与东亚环境变化[J].地理学报.1998,54(1):10-12 [SHI Yafeng,LI Jijun,LI Bingyuan,et al.Uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)plateau and east asia environmental change during late Cenozoic [J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 1998, 54(1):10-12]
[17] 郑绵平,袁鹤然,赵希涛,等.青藏高原第四纪泛湖期与古气候[J].地质学报.2006,80(2):169-180 [ZHENG Mianping, YUAN Heran, ZHAO Xitao, et al.The quaternary pan-lake(overflow)period and paleoclimate on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau [J].Acta Geologica Sinica, 2006,80(2):169-180.]
[18] 柳葳, 许有鹏,黄云.气候变暖对新疆降水和径流影响分析[J].干旱区地理, 2005, 28(5): 597-602 [LIU Wei, XU Youpeng, HUANG Yun.Effects of global warming on precipitation and runoff volume in Xingjiang [J].Arid Land Geography, 2005, 28(5): 597-602]
[19] 杜庆, 孙世洲著.柴达木地区植被及其利用[M].北京:科学出版社,1990:3-10[DU Qing, SUN Shizhou.Vegetation in the Qaidam Basin region and its utilization [M].Beijing: Science Press,1990:3-10]
[20] Peng T H, Goddard J G, Broecker W S.A direct comparison of 14C and 230Th ages at Searles Lake, California [J].Quaternary Research, 1978, 9(3): 319-329.
[21] 候献华,郑绵平,张成君,等,柴达木盆地西部大浪滩140Ka以来沉积特征与古环境[J].地质学报, 2010, 84(11):1623-1630 [HOU Xianhua, ZHENG Mianping, ZHANG Chengjun, et al.Sedimentary characteristics and paleoenvionmental of Dalangtan Saltlake in Westen in Qaidan Basin since 140kaBP [J].Acta Geologica Sinica, 2010, 84(11):1623-1630]
[22] 郑亚惠.吉隆盆地沃马组孢粉组合.西藏第四纪地质[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:38-41[Zheng Yahui.Sporo-pollen assemblages in Woma formation from Jilong Basin.In: The Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Academia Sinica ed.Tibetan Quaternary Geology [M].Beijing: Science Press, 1983: 38-41]
[23] 周慕林等.中国第四系[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:5-20 [Zhou Mulin et al.Quaternary in China [M].Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1988:5-20]
[24] 李文漪,姚祖驹.表土中松属花粉与植物间数量关系的研究[J].植物学报(英文版),1990,32(12):943-950 [LI Wenyi, YAO Zuju.A study on the quantitative relationship between pinus pollen in surface sample and pinus vegetation [J].Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 1990,32(12):943-950]
[25] 阎顺.新疆表土松科花粉分布的探讨[J].干旱区地理,1993,16(3):1-9[YAN Shun.The discussion on the pollen of pine family in surface soil in Xinjiang [J].Arid Land Geography, 1993,16(3):1-9]
[26] 沈振枢, 程果, 乐昌硕.柴达木盆地第四纪含盐地层划分及沉积环境[M].北京: 地质出版社, 1993: 30-61[SHEN Zhenshu, CHENG Guo, LE Changshuo.The Divison and Sedimentary Environment of Quaternary Salt-Bearing Strata in Qaidam Basin [M].Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1993: 30-61]
[27] 孙湘君,杜乃秋,翁成郁.新疆玛纳斯湖盆周围近14000年以来的古植被古环境[J].第四纪研究,1994, 8(3):239-248 [SUN Xiangjun, DU Naiqiu, WENG Chengyu, et al.Paleovegetation and paleoenvironment of Manasi lake Xinjiang N.W.China during the last 14,000 years [J].Quaternary Research, 8(3):239-248.]
[28] 唐领余,沈才明,李春海,等.花粉记录的青藏高原中部中全新世以来植被与环境[J].中国科学(D辑:地球),2009, 39(5):615-625 [TANG Lingyu, SHENG Chaiming, LI Chunhai, et al.Pollen record of vegetation and environment in the central tibetan plateau since the Holocene [J].Science in China(series D: Earth sciences), 2009, 39(5):615-625.]
[29] 郑绵平,袁鹤然,赵希涛,等.青藏高原第四纪泛湖期与古气候[J].地质学报, 2006,80(2): 169-180.[ZHENG Mianping, YUAN Heran, et al.The quaternary Pan-lake(overflow)period and paleoclimate on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J].Acta Geologica Sinica, 2006,80(2): 169-180.]
[30] 万和文,唐领余,张虎才,等.柴达木盆地东部36~18 kaB.P.期间的孢粉记录及其气候环境[J].第四纪研究, 2008,28(1): 112-121[WAN Hewen, TANG Lingyu, ZHANG Hucai, et al.Pollen Record refleces climate changes in Eastern Qaidam basin during 36-18 ka.B.P.[J].Quaternary Sciences, 2008,28(1): 112-121]
[31] 贾玉连,施雅风,曹建廷,等.40-30 ka B.P.期间高湖面稳定存在时青藏高原西南部封闭流域的古水降水量研究[J].地球科学研究,2001,16(3):346-351[JIA Yulian, SHI Yafeng, CAO Jianting, et al.The precipitation of the interior lakes in the southwestern Tibetan plateau at 40~30 ka B.P.[J].Advance in Earth Sciences, 2001,16(3):346-351]
[32] 齐文,郑绵平.西藏扎布耶盐湖30 ka B.P.以来水位与古降水量变化[J].地球学报,2005,26(1):53-60[QI Wen, ZHENG Mianping.Precipitation fluctuation since 30.0 ka B.P.at Chabyer Caka, Western Tibet [J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 2005,26(1):53-60]
[33] 施雅风,李吉均,李炳元,等.晚新生代青藏高原的隆升与东亚环境变化[J].地理学报.1998,54(1):10-12[SHI Yafeng, LI Jijun,LI Bingyuan,et al.Uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)plateau and east asia environmental change during late Cenozoic [J].Acta Geographica Sinica, 1998, 54(1):10-12]
[34] ZHU Dagang, MENG Xiangang, ZHAO Xitao, et al.Evolution of an ancient large lake in the southeast of the Northern Tibetan Plateau [J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition), 2004,79(4): 982-992
[35] 景民昌,孙镇城,杨革联,等.柴达木盆地达布逊湖地区3万年来气候演化的微古生物记录[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2001,21(2): 55-58.[JING Minchang, SUN Zhengcheng, YANG Gelian, et al.climate evolution micro paleontological record in Dabushun lake in Qaidam basin Since 30 ka B.P.[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2001,21(2): 55-58]
[36] 于守兵, 李世杰,刘吉峰.青藏高原湖泊沉积研究及其进展[J].山地学报, 2006, 24(4): 480-488.[YU Shoubing, LI Shijie, LIU Jifeng.Researches on Lacustrine Sediments in Tibetan Plateau and Their Progress [J].Journal of Mountain Science.2006,24(4): 480-488]
[37] 沈吉,张恩楼,夏威岚.青海湖近千年来气候环境变化的湖泊沉积记录[J].第四纪研究, 2001, 21(6): 508-513[SHEN Ji,ZHANG Enlou,XIA Weilan.Qinghai lake in nearly one thousand years of climate change lake sedimentary records [J].Quaternary Sciences,2001,21(6): 508-513]
[38] 李世杰,王小天,夏威岚,等.青藏高原苟鲁错湖泊沉积记录的小冰期气候变化[J].第四纪研究, 2004,24(5): 578-584.[LI Shijie,WANG Xiaotian,XIA Weilan.The little ice age climate fluctuations derived from lake sediments of Goulucuo [J].Quaternary Sciences, 2004,24(5): 578-584]
[39] 王小天,李世杰.青藏高原苟鲁错近几十年环境变化的湖泊沉积记录[J].湖泊科学, 2002,14(3): 217-222[WANG Xiaotian,LI Shijie.Environment changes revealed by modem lake sediment in Coulu Co,Tibeaan Plateau [J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2002,14(3): 217-222]
[40] 羊向东,王苏民,Kamenik C,等.藏南沉错钻孔硅藻组合与湖水古盐度定量恢复[J].中国科学D辑,2003,33(2):163-169.[YANG Xiangdong,WANG Sumin,Kamenik C, et al.Diatom compositions in the core from ChenCo Lake at southern Tibet and quantitative reconstruction of of palaeotem perature of lake vater [J].Science in China(Series D), 2003,33(2):163-169]
[41] 朱立平,陈玲,张平中,等.环境磁学反映的藏南沉错地区1300年来冷暖变化[J].第四纪研究.2001,21(6): 520-527[ZHU Liping,CHEN Ling,ZHANG Pingzhong.Cokd/warm fluctuations of the last 1300 years reflectde by environmental in the Chen Co area, southern Tibet [J] Quaternary Sciences, 2001,21(6): 520-527.]
[42] 朱立平,陈玲,李炳元,等.西昆仑山南红山湖沉积反映的过去150年湖区环境变化[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学), 2001,31(7): 601-607 [ZHU Liping,CHEN Ling,LI Bingyuan,et.al.Environmental changes reflected by the lake sediments of the South Hongshan Lake Northwest Tibet [J].Science in China(Series D), 2001,31(7): 601-607.]
[43] 黄麒,韩凤清.柴达木盆地盐湖演化与古气候波动[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:125-127 [HUANG Qi, HAN Fengqing.Evolution of Salt Lakes and Palaeoclimate fluctuation in Qaidam Basin [M].Beijing: Science Press, 2007:125-127]
[44] 张风菊,薛滨,于革.晚第四纪中国湖泊水量变化及其古环境意义[J].第四纪研究.2016,36(3): 598-611[ZHANG Fengjiu,XIE Bin,YU Ge.The lake status change of China since the late quaternary and its significance for palaeoenvironment.[J] Quaternary Sciences, 2016,36(3): 598-611]
[45] 方克艳,刘秀铭,李颖俊,等.树轮记录的过去300年来青藏高原东南部积雪覆盖的变化[J].第四纪研究.2016,36(4): 993-1001[FANG Keyan, LIU Xiuming, LI Yingjun,et al.Interdecadal variations of the snow cover in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau recorde in tree rings[J].Quaternary Sciences, 2016,36(4): 993-1001]
[46] 赵艳.柴达木盆地湖泊孢粉记录的生态与气候解释:不同海拔地区的湿度变化差异[J].第四纪研究.2010,30(6): 1088-2010[ZHAO Yan.Ecological and climatic interpretations of pollen records from lakes in the Qaidam basin: moisture difference at different altitudes [J].Quaternary Sciences, 2010,30(6): 1088-2010]
[47] 苏宝煌,姜大膀.青藏高原隆升与亚洲内陆干旱化的海气耦合模式模拟研究[J].第四纪研究.2016,36(4): 935-944[SU Baohuang, JIANG Dabang.The Tibetan plateau uplift and Asian inland aridification simulated by a coupled atmosphere ocean model [J].Quaternary Sciences, 2016,36(4): 935-944]

相似文献/References:

[1]张倬元,陈叙伦,刘世青,等.丹棱-思濛扇积物中的漫洪相粘土层[J].山地学报,2000,(S1):1.
[2]杨永兴,王世岩.小兴安岭东部9.0 ka B.P.以来沼泽发育与古环境演变研究[J].山地学报,2002,(02):129.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2016-10-22; 改回日期(Accepted date):2017-04-18
基金项目(Foundation item):中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项经费(YYWF201627); 中国地质调查项目(DD20160054)[Basic Scientific Research Special Funds Project of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(YYWF201627); Project of China Geological Survey(DD20160054)]
作者简介(Biography):杨庆华(1970-),男,江西瑞金人,工程师,主要从事第四纪地质与环境研究[Yang Qinghua(1970-), male, born in Ruijing, Jiangxi province, research on quaternary geology and environment] E-mail:376108021@qq.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):侯献华,副研究员,主要从事盐类资源调查与古环境研究[Hou Xianhua, male, associate professor, research on salt resources survey and paleoenvironment] E-mail: hxh2858@126.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-09-30