高黎贡山村域社会生态系统空间结构及其成因 -《山地学报》

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Title:: Spatial Structure and Its Causes of Local Socialecological System in Gaoligong Mountains

作者:: 赵莉莉; 杨文忠; 范勋承; 张珊珊; 罗婷; 1. 国家林业局云南珍稀濒特森林植物保护和繁育重点实验室，云南昆明 650201；
2. 福建农林大学林学院，福建福州 350002

Author(s):: ZHAO Lili; YANG Wenzhong; FAN Xuncheng; ZHANG Shanshan; LUO Ting; 1. Key laboratory of Rare & Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Kunming 650201, China；
2. College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

关键词:: 局域社会生态系统; 系统组分; 空间结构; 高黎贡山

Keywords:: village socialecological system; system composition; spatial structure; Gaoligong Mountains

分类号:: K901，P901

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 社会生态系统（Socialecological system, SES）是人与自然紧密联系的复杂适应系统，了解其组分、结构和成因是探究系统机理及规律的基础。选取高黎贡山东坡不同海拔的3个自然村，基于SPOT-5卫星影像和实地斑块调查结果，分析村域社会生态系统（Village SES, V-SES）景观组分构成；通过7个景观格局指数的计算结果，分析V-SES空间结构。在比较不同海拔V-SES景观组分和空间结构异同的基础上，结合自然环境参数和社会经济数据，分析导致V-SES差异的成因。结果显示：3个V-SES均为高度依赖于种植业的典型农耕社会生态系统，但其组分构成存在明显差异，低海拔的芒晃村系统组分最单一，而中海拔的芒岗村组分类型最丰富；其空间结构的差异则表现在景观形状复杂性、空间格局和景观连接性等方面，且均呈现出高海拔的汉龙村和中海拔的芒岗村位于两端、低海拔的芒晃居于二者之间的态势。导致V-SES差异的成因，既有气候条件和地形地貌等自然因素，也有人口压力、市场需求和外部政策等社会经济因素，还有系统内部人与自然交互作用的原因。

Abstract:: Socialecological system (SES) is a complex adaptive system coupling human and nature. Understanding SES composition and structure is the basis to explore its mechanism and law. Here, we selected three villages with different altitudes on the east slope of Gaoligong Mountains to study spatial composition, structure and their causes of village SES (V-SES). Based on image data from high resolution SPOT-5 and blockbyblock verifications in the field, a landcover classification system was established to depict the spatial compositions of three projected V-SESs. Their spatial structures were analyzed through calculation of seven landscape pattern indices (4 at landscapelevel and 3 at classlevel). The compositions and structures were compared among three V-SESs. Natural environment parameters and socioeconomic data were analyzed to unveil the causes of differences and similarities in V-SESs. Results showed that all three villages were typical agricultural SES that highly relied on planting industry. The landcover compositions, however, varied from one village to another. Manghuang village with low altitude had the simplest composition, while Manggang village with middle altitude had the richest composition. The spatial structures varied in aspects of shape complexity, distribution pattern and landscape connectivity. And those of Hanlong with high altitude and Manggang with middle altitude were at two ends, while those of Manghuang with low altitude were in the middle. Causes of differences and similarities in V-SESs include not only natural factors such as climatic, topographical and landform conditions, but also socioeconomic factors such as population pressures, market needs and external policies, as well as interactions between human and nature within the systems.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:: 收稿日期(Received date)：2013-10-20；改回日期(Accepted): 2014-03-08。
基金项目（Foundation item）：国家自然科学
基金项目(30600080, 31060077)和云南省技术创新人才培养计划(2009CI98)资助。\[Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30600080, 31060077) and Innovative Talent Cultivation Program of Yunnan Province (Grant No. 2009CI98).\]
作者简介（Biography）：赵莉莉（1985-），女，在读博士研究生，主要从事生态系统方面的研究。\[Zhao Lili, female, Ph D candidate, mainly engaged in ecosystem study.\] E-mail: lily639@163.com *
通信作者(Corresponding author)：杨文忠，男，博士，副研究员，主要从事社会生态系统研究。\[Yang Wenzhong, male, Ph D, associate professor, mainly engaged in socialecological systems study.\] E-mail: wzyang2004@126.com

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

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