[1]樊晓一a,b,夏贵平a,等.偏转地形约束条件下滑坡-碎屑流运动速度与颗粒分布的试验研究[J].山地学报,2024,(3):389-400.[doi:10-16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000831]
　FAN Xiaoyia,b,XIA Guipinga,et al.An Experimental Study on the Velocity and Particle Distribution of Landslide-Debris Flow Motion under Deflected Terrain Constraints[J].Mountain Research,2024,(3):389-400.[doi:10-16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000831]
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偏转地形约束条件下滑坡-碎屑流运动速度与颗粒分布的试验研究
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2024年第3期
页码:
389-400
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2024-05-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
An Experimental Study on the Velocity and Particle Distribution of Landslide-Debris Flow Motion under Deflected Terrain Constraints
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2024)3-389-12
作者:
樊晓一a; b; 夏贵平a; c; 温 翔a; 徐奕梓a; 刘浩南a
(西南石油大学 a.土木工程与测绘学院; b.工程安全评估与防护研究院; c.机电工程学院,成都 610500)
Author(s):
FAN Xiaoyia; b; XIA Guipinga; c; WEN Xianga; XU Yizia; LIU Haonana
(a. School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics; b. Institute of Engineering Safety Assessment and Protection; c. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China)
关键词:
偏转地形;  滑坡-碎屑流;  模型试验;  运动速度;  颗粒分布
Keywords:
deflection terrain;  landslide-debris flow;  model test;  velocity;  gradation
分类号:
P642
DOI:
10-16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000831
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
滑坡-碎屑流在行进中受到侧向地形约束与挤压,运动方向发生偏转,侧蚀、侧向冲击或掩埋原低风险分区内的建筑结构。偏转地形约束条件下滑坡-碎屑流致灾参数分布演化特征及过程,包括运动速度、堆积分布、颗粒分选等的分析与反演是有效防控此类地质灾害的前提与基础。前期滑坡-碎屑流模型试验较少考虑其在受地形偏转作用影响下的运动特征,结果与实际观测不符。本文以典型滑坡碎屑流为原型,改进模型试验装置,采用物理模型试验,探究偏转点前后碎屑流运动速度和颗粒分布变化。研究结果表明:(1)碎屑流的运动速度在偏转点显著下降,并在偏转点后急剧增加并达到峰值,呈现出急加速、波动加速、地形偏转作用导致的速度剧烈下降、运动堆积区的逐渐下降、堆积停滞区的快速下降五个变化阶段。(2)滑坡碎屑流最大堆积厚度位于偏转点之后。(3)碎屑流大、小颗粒在堆积体表层、下层的质量占比分别为50.7%、65.1%,呈现明显的颗粒分选特征。在沿碎屑流运动的纵向和横向方向上,不同粒径的质量占比在偏转点附近与初始状态一致。沿纵向方向上,大颗粒质量占比呈现短距离减小分布,而后随运动距离的增加,质量占比增大,由初始状态的28.3%增大到49.6%; 而小颗粒的质量占比则呈现先增加后减小的分布特征,由初始状态的44.0%减小到23.5%; 在横向方向上,两侧大颗粒的质量占比大于中部,而小颗粒则相反。研究结果可以为受偏转地形作用的滑坡-碎屑流致灾参数演化和灾害防御提供参考。
Abstract:
Constrained and squeezed by lateral protruding terrain during traveling, landslide-debris flows veer off initial kinetic energy direction, occurring lateral eroding, striking or burying the building structures previously evaluated as in the original low-risk zone. This kind of geo-hazard needs to be comprehensively investigated for key geophysical parameter evolutions during the movement, including velocity, composition and gradation, and it is prerequisite for a proper geotechnical control of the geo-disaster.
Preceding research on landslide-debris flows seldom addressed the movement behaviors under the influence of topographic deflection, quite possibly due to the big challenge of experimental modeling; therefore, these previous research outputs were without practical significance.
In this study, it conducted an improved geo-physical model test to mimic a typical landslide-debris flow. The changes of particle velocity and gradation of landslide-debris were tracked before and after a topographic deflection point and the influence of deflected terrain on the particle movement and accumulation was examined.
(1)The velocity of landslide-debris flows decreased significantly at the topographic deflection point and increased sharply to the peak immediately after the point. The movement process of landslide-debris flows consisted of five stages, including rapid accelerating, fluctuated accelerating, intense decelerating due to the deflection topography, gradual decreasing in the moving-accumulation area, and rapid decreasing in the stagnation area.
(2)Landslide-debris flow occurred the maximum deposition after arriving at the topographic deflection point.
(3)In the accumulation area, the mass ratio of large particles and small particles of landslide-debris flow was 50.7% at the upper layer and 65.1% at the bottom layer, respectively, indicating an obvious particle sorting phenomenon. In the longitudinal and transverse profile along the movement of landslide-debris flow, the mass share of different particle sizes was consistent with the initial state near the deflection point. In the longitudinal profile, the mass share of large particles decreased in a short distance, and then increased with the increase of movement distance, from 28.3% in the initial state to 49.6% in the final; Comparatively, the mass share of small particles increased first and then decreased, from 44.0% in the initial state to 23.5% in the final; along the transverse prefile, the mass share of large particles on the two sides was greater than those in the middle, whereas the opposite was true for small particles.
The study provides an insight into the evolution of key geophysical parameter of landslide-debris flow under the action of deflection terrain, and provides a reference to geo-hazard control.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2024- 04- 02; 改回日期(Accepted date):2024- 06-19
基金项目(Foundation item): 国家自然科学基金(41877524)。[National Natural Science Foundation of China(41877524)]
作者简介(Biography): 樊晓一(1974-),男,博士,教授。主要研究方向:地质灾害防灾减灾。[FAN Xiaoyi(1974-), male, Ph.D., professor, research on prevention and reduction of geological disaster]E-mail:fxy@swpu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-05-30