[1]宋国虎,杨桢贤*,张 继,等.四川雅安市宝兴县和平沟泥石流防治工程成效考察[J].山地学报,2023,(2):295-306.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000749]
　SONG Guohu,YANG Zhenxian*,ZHANG JI,et al.Post-Shock Performance of A Debris Flow Dam Built at the Heping Gully, Baoxing County, Sichuan Province, China[J].Mountain Research,2023,(2):295-306.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000749]
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四川雅安市宝兴县和平沟泥石流防治工程成效考察
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2023年第2期
页码:
295-306
栏目:
研究简报
出版日期:
2023-03-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Post-Shock Performance of A Debris Flow Dam Built at the Heping Gully, Baoxing County, Sichuan Province, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2023)2-295-12
作者:
宋国虎1; 2; 杨桢贤1; 2*; 张 继1; 2; 杨 军1; 2
(1. 四川省第一地质大队,成都 610072; 2. 四川省地质工程勘察院集团有限公司,成都 610072)
Author(s):
SONG Guohu1; 2; YANG Zhenxian1; 2*; ZHANG JI1; 2; YANG Jun1; 2
(1. The 1st Geological Brigade of Sichuan Province. Chengdu 610072, China; 2. Sichuan Institute of Geological Engineering Investigation Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610072, China)
关键词:
地震灾区;  防治工程;  运行效果;  和平沟
Keywords:
earthquake-hit area;  debris flow dam;  performance;  the Heping gully
分类号:
X43; XP15.5; P315; P694
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000749
文献标志码:
C
摘要:
和平沟位于四川省芦山地震灾区雅安市宝兴县北部的硗碛乡境内,沟内防治工程历经约10余年运行,发挥了巨大的减灾作用。但随着防治工程的运行,工程有效性逐步降低。2020年“8·16”强降雨后防治工程基本失效,泥石流冲出沟口形成灾害。本文通过现场实地调查,分析和平沟泥石流的致灾机制与防治工程运行效果,探讨针对已实施防治工程泥石流的防灾减灾思路。结果表明:(1)治理工程完成后,拦挡工程经历了“发挥效益→逐步淤积→库内沟床抬高→新崩滑物源形成→拦砂坝逐步淤满→翻坝→泥石流翻坝规模放大→致灾”过程;(2)“8·16”泥石流前15日有效累计降雨量达到204.5 mm,当次激发小时雨强为25 mm/h,是本次泥石流的关键激发因素;(3)拦挡工程满库运行,泥石流翻坝后会产生流量及规模产生放大效应,泥石流入射速度较初始速度增加约8.45倍;(4)排导槽在运行过程中表现出 “沟底冲刷侵蚀→侧墙基础掏蚀→侧墙悬空→侧墙失稳倾倒” 的破坏模式;(5)国土空间规划中应充分考虑地质安全以及防治工程设防标准承载能力。同时,对于已实施防治工程的泥石流沟仍不能放松警惕,在防灾减灾中需密切关注其防治工程有效性,及时消除隐患。
Abstract:
The Heping gully is located at Qiaoqi town in the north of Baoxing county, Sichuan province of China, where it suffered a Ms7.0 earthquake in 2013 and Ms6.1 earthquake in 2022, both with the same epicenter at Lushan, a neighboring town to Qiaoqi. The debris flow retaining dam in the gully has functioned normally for almost 10 years since it was built in 2012, which played an active role in geo-disaster control, but it has been running into a stage of deteriorating performance due to long disrepair. In 2020, there was a storm attacking the Heping gully on October 16; the retailing dam failed severely with massive debris flow rushing out of the gully mouth.
We conducted an emergency survey of the debris flow occurrence; the triggering mechanism of the debris flow was analyzed; the poor performance of the debris flow dam was scrutinized for risk assessment.
It found the Heping gully from a state of empty storage capacity in retaining dam after construction completion evolved into a intendancy toward recurrence of debris flow, which can be generalized as a series of phases, including dam working normally→storage capacity of retaining dam decreasing gradually→gully bed behind dam uplifting in the upstream→geo-material accumulating along the gully floor due to slope collapsing→silting up to full in dam storage →debris flow overflowing the dam→debris flow scaling up after overflowing→geo-catastrophe forming.
Rich precedent precipitation and short-term storm were critical factors in debris flow formation. According to field survey, in case a cumulative effective precipitation reach to 204.5 mm in the former 15 days, an hourly rainfall intensity of 25 mm/h was capable of triggering debris flow.
In case of retaining dam in full, the destruction consequence of a debris flow definitely was amplified after overflowing the dam; the incident velocity of a debris flow increased by about 8.45 times compared with its initial velocity.
There was a patter to describe the deterioration process of debris flow drainage flume. It could be divided into four stages: eroding at flume floor→eroding sidewall foundation→sidewall suspending→sidewall toppling or collapsing.
Although some debris flow gullies had already built prevention and control projects in earthquake-hit areas, which performed well in the past, but there are still geohazard risk, which should be pre-cautioned and fully prepared for geo-hazard mitigation. And in national spatial planning, geological safety and the carrying capacity of a prevention and control engineering fortification standards should be included.

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[2]陈国阶.汶川地震灾区重建若干问题探讨[J].山地学报,2008,(05):518.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2023-01-30; 改回日期(Accepted date):2023-04-09
基金项目(Foundation item): 四川省地矿局科技创新项目(SCDKZCKJXM-2022055); 四川自然资源厅科研项目(KJ-2023-31)[Research Project of Department of Natural Resources of Sichuan Province(KJ-2023-31); Science and Technology Innovation Project of Sichuan Bureau of Geology and Mineral resources(SCDKZCKJXM-2022055)]
作者简介(Biography): 宋国虎(1989-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向:山地灾害防治。[SONG Guohu(1989-), male, M.Sc., senior engineer, research on mountain disaster prevention and control] E-mail:justdoitsgh@126.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 杨桢贤(1983-),男,硕士,教授级高级工程师,研究方向:工程地质与灾害地质。[YANG Zhenxian(1983-), male, M.Sc., professor of engineer, research on engineering geology and disaster geology] E-mail: 279875692@qq.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2023-03-30