[1]杜常江,陈 飞,李法虎*,等.基于能量守恒和3S技术的分布式冰川融水径流过程模拟[J].山地学报,2021,(2):290-303.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000595]
　DU Changjiang,CHEN Fei,LI Fahu*,et al.A Distributed Simulation Model on Runoff Process from Glacial Meltwater Based on Energy Conservation and 3S Technology[J].Mountain Research,2021,(2):290-303.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000595]
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基于能量守恒和3S技术的分布式冰川融水径流过程模拟()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2021年第2期
页码:
290-303
栏目:
山地技术
出版日期:
2021-03-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
A Distributed Simulation Model on Runoff Process from Glacial Meltwater Based on Energy Conservation and 3S Technology
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2021)2-290-14
作者:
杜常江; 陈 飞; 李法虎*; 雷廷武
中国农业大学 水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083
Author(s):
DU Changjiang;  CHEN Fei;  LI Fahu*;  TANG Liping
College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
关键词:
冰川融水;  分布式模型;  机理模型;  融水径流;  径流过程
Keywords:
glacial meltwater;  distributed model;  mechanism model;  meltwater runoff;  runoff process
分类号:
P333.1; P338+.1; P343.6+2
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000595
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
面向对象的分布式冰川融水径流模型的建立,不仅可以提高模拟计算的精度,而且可清楚地反映冰川融水径流各影响因子的特征,对研究中国西部地区流域水文循环具有重要意义。本研究借助3S技术,根据能量守恒和水量平衡原理,建立了包括栅格冰川融水、融水产流以及汇流子系统且具有严格物理意义的分布式冰川融水径流过程模型。通过DEM数字高程技术,提取流域地理信息; 基于Landsat-7卫星遥感影像,反演获得流域的冰川覆盖信息和地表反射率信息。将获取的这些信息作为冰川融水径流过程模型的基本输入数据,分别对扎当冰川和七一冰川融水的日径流过程进行了模拟计算。结果显示,该模型对2个冰川径流量日变化过程的模拟结果与实测过程一致。2个冰川的日径流峰值与其实测值的差异小于6.0%,日径流过程的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数均大于0.81。所建模型计算结果可靠,可以为实时预测冰川融水径流变化过程提供技术支撑。
Abstract:
To establish an object-oriented distributed glacier meltwater runoff model can not only improve the accuracy of simulation calculation, but also clearly reflect the influence characteristics of its each influencing factor, which is of great significance for the study of hydrological cycle in western China. Based on the principles of energy conservation and water balance, a distributed process model of glacier meltwater runoff, including grid glacier melting, runoff generation, and runoff confluence subsystems, with strict physical significance was established with the help of 3 S(Remote Sensing, Geography Information System, and Global Positioning System)technologies. The glacier melting subsystem was based on the energy conservation principle near ground surface, the runoff generation subsystem was on regional water mass balance, and the runoff confluence subsystem was based on variable isochronous line convergence method. By means of DEM(Digital Elevation Model)digital elevation technology, the geographic information of the studied watershed was extracted. The glacier coverage information and surface reflectance information of the watershed were obtained by inversion method based on Landsat-7 satellite remote sensing images. The acquired information was used as the basic input data of the established model of glacier meltwater runoff process, and the variation processes of daily runoff with time from the Zhadang Glacier and the Qiyi Glacier were simulated and calculated, respectively. The simulation results showed that the diurnal variation processes of glacier meltwater runoff with time calculated by the established model were consistent with their measured processes for the two studied glaciers. The diurnal change process of the meltwater runoff with time was closely related to air temperature, and the change process of the runoff lagged behind that of the temperature by about 2～4 h. The difference between the calculated daily runoff peak value and its measured value was smaller than 6.0%, and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of daily runoff process was greater than 0.81 for both the glaciers. It can be concluded that the established distributed model of glacier meltwater runoff process is reliable, which provides a technical support for the real-time prediction of runoff process from glacial meltwater. Some necessary simplifications, such as the nature of ice and snow(new and old, pollution, surface cracking, etc.)and the local generalization treatment of near-surface heat exchange and transfer, were introduced in the development of mathematical sub-models in this study, and their more reasonable expressions require further in-depth study.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2019-11-03; 改回日期(Accepted date):2020-12-24
基金项目(Foundation item):国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC0406604); 国家自然科学基金(41230746)。[National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0406604); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41230746)]
作者简介(Biography):杜常江(1990-),男,河南封丘人,硕士,主要研究方向:水土保持。[DU Changjiang(1990-), male, born in Zhengzhou, Henan province, M. Sc., research on soil and water conservation] Email: 573138919@qq.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):李法虎(1963-),男,河南新乡人,博士,教授,主要研究方向:水利工程。[LI Fahu(1963-), born in Xinxiang, Henan province, Ph.D., professor, research on water resources engineering] E-mail: lifahu@cau.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2021-03-30