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狼毒根系的向水性及其对河流侵蚀的响应()

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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

Title:: Hydrotropism of Stellera chamaejasme Roots and Its Response to the Deposition of Ephemeral Stream along a Hillslope

作者:: 孙建; 王小丹; 程根伟; 陈有超; 范继辉; 1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室，北京 100101；
2.中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所，山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室，四川成都 610041

Author(s):: SUN Jian; WANG Xiaodan; CHENG Genwei; CHEN Youchao; FAN Jihui; 1. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. The Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Its Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China

Keywords:: hydrotropism; deposition; Stellera chamaejasme; plant behavior; northern Tibet

摘要:: 探索狼毒根系的行为动态，以期控制其扩散、为草地恢复和管理提供参考。结果显示，近岸与远岸根长、根生物量比率与两端的水分差值的相关关系显著（p=0.05），显示了狼毒根系分布状况受河岸土壤水分含量的控制。狼毒根系向水性是其对土壤干旱的一种适应，它促使植物将有限的同化物分配到可吸收的水量最多的地方。分析坡面过程以及沉积作用对狼毒根系分布的影响，认为在变化的地理过程扰动下，粗粒岩屑比细沙沉积物更为稳定，其次大粒径石块能够固持更多的水分，而小直径土壤结构土壤水分蒸发得更快，因而在大直径土壤结构样点分布更多狼毒根系。狼毒根系受上坡向侵蚀堆积作用，石块碎屑不断的掩埋狼毒的根和茎秆，使得植物逐渐偏离原中心，被拉伸至下坡向，形成了非对称分布。但是随着坡度的放缓，非对称分布效应逐渐消失。

Abstract:: The investigation was carried out in an alpine steppe, Xainza County, Tibetan Plateau. The object of the article was to explore the root dynamic behavior of Stellera chamaejasme for controlling its spread, and thus provide reference for grassland rehabilitation and management. The result showed that the ratios of root length/biomass in inshore to offshore were significantly related to the difference of soil water content (p=0.05), we concluded that the root system distribution of Stellera chamaejasme is governed by soil water content. Hydrotropism of Stellera chamaejasme roots is one of the traits of the plant drought adaptation, which will allocate more photosynthate to distribution of Stellera chamaejasme root, and documented that the process of geographical disturbance resulting in Stellera chamaejasme in coarse talus is more stable than fine sediment sites, and the large stones could conserve substrate water beneath them while moisture quickly evaporates from fine sediment. Roots may propagate by layering, as they were buried by new sediment from upslope, and the processes may make plants gradually deviate from the original center, stretch it to downhill, thus forming the asymmetric structure. In addition, asymmetric distribution effect gradually disappeared with the slope was reducing.

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备注/Memo:: 收稿日期(Received date)：2013-12-27；修回日期（Accepted）：2014-04-26。
基金项目（Foundation item）：国家自然科学基金（41001018）;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络重点实验室开放基金（O8R8B161PA）。\[Project supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(41001018) and the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (O8R8B161PA).\]
作者简介（Biography）：孙建(1980-)，男，内蒙古锡林郭勒盟人，助理研究员，主要从事全球变化与生物地化循环及行为生态学研究。\[Sun Jian (1980-), male, assistant professor, born in Xilinguole of Inner Mongolia, mainly study on global change, biogeoscience and behavioral ecology.\]

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01