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崩岗侵蚀分布特征及其成因()

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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

作者:: 陈晓安;杨洁;肖胜生;宋月君;郑海金;沈乐;; 1江西省水土保持科学研究院，江西南昌 330029； 2江西省土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室，江西南昌 330029

Author(s):: CHEN Xiaoan; YANG Jie; XIAO Shengsheng; SONG Yuejun; ZHENG Haijin; SHEN Le; 1. Jiangxi Provincial Research Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330029, China

Keywords:: collapse erosion; distribution characteristics; formation genesis

摘要:: 崩岗是南方最严重的侵蚀类型。通过分析崩岗侵蚀空间上的分布和成因,表明:崩岗主要分布在淮河以南亚热带湿润地带,主要集中分布在花岗岩母质区,垂直空间上分布在海拔100~500 m丘陵地区。崩岗的形成和分布特征主要与以下3点有关:1.亚热带湿润地区高温多雨的气候为崩岗发育提供了深厚的风化壳和侵蚀动力;2.崩岗侵蚀发育与风化壳物理性质密切相关,风化壳颗粒组成决定着其物理性质,是影响崩岗发育的最根本因素之一,花岗岩地区风化壳颗粒组成的特殊性质导致其抗剪强度低,从而容易失稳崩塌;3.丘陵地区土体深厚,同时高强度径流冲刷和重力能量容易引起崩岗。

Abstract:: Collapse erosion is the most serious type of erosion in South China. This paper analyzed the space distribution and genesis of collapse erosion. The results show that collapse is mainly distributed in the humid subtropical zones on the south of the Heather River, concentrated in the areas of granite parent materials, and vertically distributed in the hilly regions with a height of 100~150 meters. The characteristics of formation and distribution are in close connection with the following 3 factors:1) hot and rainy climate in humid subtropical zones provided deep weathering crust and strong erosion dynamic for collapse formation; 2)Collapse erosion is closely related to the physical properties of weathering crust. Weathering crust particles determines their physical properties. Weathering crust particles is one of the most fundamental factor affecting collapse erosion. Granite weathering crust particles led to its special nature of low shear strength, which tends to collapse instability; 3) the deep soil, runoff scouring and strong gravitational energy in hilly regions cause consequence that soil is prone to collapse into collapse hill.

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备注/Memo:: 收稿日期(Received date)：2013-04-09；改回日期(Accepted) : 2013-07-04。
基金项目（Foundation item）：江西省水利科技重大项目“崩岗侵蚀预测预报及防治模式研究”（200803）；水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目“红壤坡耕地水土流失规律及调控技术研究示范”（201301050）；江西省水利科技项目“基于“3S”技术的坡耕地水土综合整治效益研究”（KT201010）。
作者简介（Biography）：陈晓安（1983-），男，安徽省南陵县人，硕士，工程师，研究方向：土壤侵蚀机理。[Chen Xiaoan(1983-), male, born in Nanling, Anhui Province, master & engineer, research direction: mechanism of soil erosion.] E-mail:onlycxa@163.com *通信作者（Corresponding author）：宋月君（1982-），男，山东省垦利县人，硕士，工程师，研究方向：水土保持高新技术。[Song Yuejun(1982-), male, born in Kenli, Shandong Province, master & engineer, research direction: high and new technology of soil and water conservation.] E-mail:well3292@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01