[1]杨 蒙,钟启明*,单熠博,等.泄流槽断面型式对崩滑堰塞体溃决过程的影响分析[J].山地学报,2022,(2):265-275.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000670]
　YANG Meng,ZHONG Qiming*,SHAN Yibo,et al.Influence of the Section Type of Spillway on the Collapse Process of Landslide Dam[J].Mountain Research,2022,(2):265-275.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000670]
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泄流槽断面型式对崩滑堰塞体溃决过程的影响分析
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2022年第2期
页码:
265-275
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2022-03-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Influence of the Section Type of Spillway on the Collapse Process of Landslide Dam
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2022)2-265-11
作者:
杨 蒙1; 钟启明1; 2*; 单熠博1; 梅胜尧1
1. 南京水利科学研究院 岩土工程研究所,南京 210024; 2. 水利部水库大坝安全重点实验室,南京 210029
Author(s):
YANG Meng1;  ZHONG Qiming1; 2*;  SHAN Yibo1;  MEI Shengyao1
1. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Reservoir and Dam Safety Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China
关键词:
堰塞体;  泄流槽;  断面型式;  数值模拟;  应急响应
Keywords:
landslide dam;  spillway;  section type;  numerical simulation;  comparative analysis;  emergency rescue
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000670
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
崩滑堰塞体可采用开挖泄流槽的方式除险。泄流槽的断面型式影响崩滑堰塞体溃决过程。对于不同类型堰塞体开挖何种型式泄流槽尚无定量性认识。本文采用可考虑堰塞湖的水动力条件、堰塞体的形态和结构材料特征的堰塞体溃决过程数学模型,以唐家山、小岗剑和白格堰塞体为例,研究不同的泄流槽断面型式对堰塞体溃决过程的影响。将泄流槽设置成不同的断面形式,对比不同工况下的溃决过程,结果表明:(1)对于堰塞湖库容较大的堰塞体,开挖泄流槽对堰塞体的溃决过程具有重大影响,可明显减轻致灾后果,且随着泄流槽深度的增加,溃口洪峰流量不断降低,峰值流量出现时间逐渐滞后;(2)泄流槽底宽主要影响溃口峰值流量出现时间,泄流槽底宽越大,洪峰流量出现时间越早;(3)泄流槽横断面边坡越陡峭,洪峰流量越大,且峰值流量出现时间越早;(4)泄流槽纵断面底坡的变化对溃决过程的影响较小。另外,由于考虑了颗粒的分布,小岗剑堰塞体即使不开挖泄流槽,在上游水动力条件的作用下不会发生溃决,但仍存在溃决风险。因此,在应急抢险中,可根据当地的实际情况,选择不同的泄流槽断面型式,研究成果可为堰塞体应急排险的决策制定提供参考。
Abstract:
Landslide dam can be safely removed by excavating spillways. The section type of a spillway governs the collapse process of a landslide dam. There is no quantitative understanding of which type of spillway is properly excavated for different types of landslide dams. In this study, a mathematical model was introduced for simulating the collapse process of landslide dams with varied dimensions of cross-sections. It was done in consideration of hydrodynamic conditions of dammed lakes, as well as their shapes, structures, and geo-material properties. Three real cases of landslide dam failures at Tangjiashan, Xiaogangjian and Baige in southeast China was modelled for comparison and justification purpose by applying the collected in-situ measurement coefficients into the model to study the influence of different shapes of spillways on the collapse process of dam bodes.In the simulation, it set the spillway into different cross sections, and compared the collapse process under different working conditions. The results are as follows:(1)For dammed lakes with large storage capacity, the excavations of spillways had a great influence on the collapse process of dammed lakes, obviously reducing disaster-causing consequences. With the increase in the depth of a spillway, the peak discharge at breach decreased continuously, and the time of peak discharge gradually delayed;(2)The width at the bottom of a spillway mainly affected the occurrence time of peak flow at breach. The larger the width of the bottom of a spillway, the earlier the occurrence time of the peak flow had;(3)The steeper the cross-section slope of a spillway, the greater the peak discharge was, and the earlier the peak discharge occurred;(4)The change in the bed slope in the longitudinal section of a spillway had little influence on collapse processes. In addition, in consideration of the distribution of geo-particles of a landslide dam, in case the dam body at Xiaogangjian never excavate a spillway, it would not collapse under the of upstream hydrodynamic actions, but still a risk of collapse. Therefore, in emergency rescue, different types of spillways are expected to choose according to local actual situation. This research results can provide reference for decision-making of emergency rescue of landslide dams.

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相似文献/References:

[1]范建容,田兵伟,程根伟,等.基于多源遥感数据的5·12汶川地震诱发堰塞体信息提取[J].山地学报,2008,(03):257.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2021-03-09; 改回日期(Accepted date):2022-04-06
基金项目(Foundation item):国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1508604); 国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U2040221); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(Y319003,Y320005)。 [National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1508604), National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2040221), Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Research Institutes(Y319003, Y320005)]
作者简介(Biography):杨蒙(1996-),男,山东东营人,博士研究生,主要研究方向:堰塞体溃决灾害防控方法。[YANG Meng(1996-), male, born in Dongying, Shandong province, Ph.D. candidate, specialized in prevention and control method of landslide dam] E-mail: mengyang@nhri.cn
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):钟启明(1981-),男,博士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向:溃坝灾害模拟理论与防控方法。[ZHONG Qiming(1981-), male, Ph.D., senior engineer, specialized in simulation theory and prevention and control method of dam failure disaster] E-mail: qmzhong@nhri.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-03-30