[1]陈 蝶,卫 伟*,陈利顶,等.梯田生态系统服务与管理研究进展[J].山地学报,2016,(03):374-384.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000141]
　CHEN Die,WEI Wei,CHEN Liding,et al.Progress of the Ecosystem Services and Management of Terraces[J].Mountain Research,2016,(03):374-384.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000141]
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梯田生态系统服务与管理研究进展()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2016年03期
页码:
374-384
栏目:
山区发展
出版日期:
2016-06-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Progress of the Ecosystem Services and Management of Terraces
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2016)3-374-11
作者:
陈 蝶1; 2; 卫 伟1*; 陈利顶1; 于 洋1
1.中国科学院生态环境研究中心 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京 100085;
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
Author(s):
CHEN Die1; 2;  WEI Wei1;  CHEN Liding1;  YU Yang1
1.State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100085, China;
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
关键词:
梯田;  生态系统服务;  生态系统管理;  水土保持;  生态恢复
Keywords:
terrace;  ecosystem service;  ecosystem management;  soil and water
分类号:
S157.3
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000141
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
梯田是山地丘陵区广泛分布的一种古老的农业生态系统,科学设计、合理修建与管理的梯田通过改变地形、减缓坡度,从而减少产流产沙量,在全球各地不同环境条件下得到广泛应用。梯田具有水土保持、生态恢复和农业增产的多重效益,在治理水土流失的同时,也降低了洪水、干旱、滑坡等自然灾害的发生风险,减少了土壤养分流失,是提高陆地生态系统碳汇功能的重要途径之一。此外,梯田改变作物的生长条件,达到水热资源高效利用的目的,进而使作物提高应对极端气候的能力,增加作物产量,提高土地承载力。梯田通过增加景观异质性,为生物提供生境和廊道,有利于生物多样性保护。一些地区的梯田作为重要的历史文化遗产和旅游胜地得到保存,然而当梯田遭到荒废后,由于侵蚀、坍塌等因素会导致严重的土地退化。在当前全球气候变化和社会经济发展的大背景下,将梯田生态系统服务认知转变为有效保护和管理生态系统的行动,对于促进梯田生态系统的可持续发展、增进人类福祉具有重要意义。通过总结梯田生态系统服务与管理的研究进展,探讨了建立人地关系和谐的梯田生态系统亟需解决的若干问题,包括梯田生态系统管理的量化目标和任务,流域尺度梯田对水文地貌动态以及植被恢复的影响等。
Abstract:
Terrace is important agricultural ecosystems. As modifying hillslope topography, changing slope steepness and shortening slope length, steep slopes were converted into an artificial sequence of relatively flat surfaces, which can considerably minimize runoff and sediment yield,only when terrace ecosystems were well planned, correctly constructed and properly maintained. Terracing can play key roles for soil and water conservation, ecological restoration and agriculture efficiency, and it thus alter the pattern of water and soil conservation, mitigating natural disasters, reducing soil nutrient loss and function as a sink for atmospheric carbon sequestration. Moreover, terraces can change the conditions of crop growth due to runoff retention and better utilization of available water and heat. In turn, it can enhance crop resistance to drought and disease and consequently increase crop yields. Accordingly, terraces can increase landscape heterogeneity, provide habitat and corridors for biodiversity, and improve the local agricultural environment and the carrying capacity of land. In some areas, terraced landscapes can be considered as a historical and cultural heritage and tourist attraction. However, when they were abandoned, terraced landscapes are subjected to serious degradation due to erosion process and slope collapse. Under climate change and socioeconomic development, transforming the cognition of terraced ecosystem services into effective protection and management is of great significance to improve human welfare and enhance the sustainable development of terraced ecosystems. In this paper, the research of terraced ecosystem services and management were summarized, and it was considered that more attention should be paid to the problems regarding a nature-society-economy complex ecosystem with a harmonious human-earth relationship, including quantitative objectives and tasks of terraced ecosystem management, the dynamic of hydrological and geomorphologic terraced landscape as well as the effects of vegetation restoration at various scales.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2015-10-06; 改回日期(Accepted):2015-11-20。
基金项目(Foundation item):国家自然科学基金项目(41371123, 41390462); 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室资助项目(SKLURE2013-1-02)。[The Project for National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 41371123, 41390462; The Innovation Project of the State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology of China(SKLURE2013-1-02).]
作者简介(Biography):陈蝶( 1990-),女,湖北天门人,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持与景观生态研究。[Chen Die(1990-), female, born in Tianmen,Hubei Province,master candidate, engaged in research on soil and water conservation and landscape ecology.]E-mail: chymchendie@163.com
*通信作者(Corresponding author):卫伟(1978-),男,河南封丘人,博士,副研究员,主要从事景观生态与生态水文研究。[Wei Wei(1978-),male,born in Fengqiu,Henan Province,Ph D,associate researcher,engaged in research of landscape ecology and eco-hydrology.]E-mail: weiwei@rcees.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2016-05-30