[1]沙玉坤,程根伟,李卫朋,等.森林水文作用的流域尺度效应及其评价[J].山地学报,2013,(05):513.
　SHA Yukun,CHENG Genwei,LI Weipeng.The Impacts and Evaluations of Catchment Scales on Forest Hydrology[J].Mountain Research,2013,(05):513.
点击复制

森林水文作用的流域尺度效应及其评价()

分享到：

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

作者:: 沙玉坤;程根伟;李卫朋;; 1.中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室，四川成都 610041；
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049

Author(s):: SHA Yukun; CHENG Genwei; LI Weipeng; 1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Its Regulation,Institute of Mountain Hazards & Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041,China；
2. University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China

Keywords:: Foresthydrology; watershed scale; influence mechanism; effect evaluation

摘要:: 森林植被覆盖对于地面水文过程的影响,随森林面积或流域尺度大小而不同,尺度效应的准确识别和定量评价比较困难。通过水文尺度效应的形成机理分析,对主要影响机制和变化特征进行了讨论,提出了分析评判中的主要因素,即从流域大小或森林覆被对能量平衡、潜在蒸散发、水源组成、汇流速度以及河槽调蓄能力的变化等方面来对流域尺度变化的效应大小进行评价。随着流域面积的增加,森林植被的影响降低而河槽调蓄的作用增大,流域尺度也会影响汇流的路径变化,大流域的地下水比重更大,对洪水形态和枯季径流量都有显著的影响。研究还提出基于投入产出原理的最佳森林覆被率的概念和建议比率,结果有助于区分森林本身和流域大小各自对径流特征的贡献,更...

Abstract:: The influence of forest vegetation cover to terrestrial hydrological processes varies with the watershed size. But the accurate recognition and quantitative assessment to the scale effect are very difficult. In the paper the cause of scale effect of watershed to hydrological features is discussed, its impact mechanism and variation features are analyzed as well. The watershed size and forest distribution will change energy balance, potential evaporation, runoff components, flow’s velocity and channel storage capacity of a basin. These factors vary with forest area and watershed size. With the increasing of watershed size, the forest’s impact to hydrological processes gets lower and river channel’s effect becomes higher. The watershed scale will turn runways of runoff as well. The ratios of groundwater will increase and surface runoff decrease with the size increasing of watershed. This change in runoff composition may influent the flood hydrographs and lowflow discharges. The optimal forest coverage and suggested ratio have been suggested based on benefit maximum rule of ecological engineering. These results will help to identify the different effects between forest characteristics and watershed’s size, and can be applied to improve the estimation of foresthydrology effects.

[1]程根伟,石培礼,田雨,等.西南山地森林变化对洪水频率影响的模拟[J].山地学报,2011,(05):561.
　CHENG Genwei,SHI Peili,TIAN Yu.Simulation of Forest Impacts to the Flood Frequency Characteristics of Mountainous River in Southwestern China[J].Mountain Research,2011,(05):561.
[2]程根伟.从森林水文作用看长江上游防护林工程[J].山地学报,1993,(01):61.
[3]程根伟,Hetherington E.太平洋西海岸森林砍伐对洪水特征的影响[J].山地学报,1997,(03):167.

备注/Memo:: 收稿日期(Received date)：2013-04-07；改回日期(Accepted) : 2013-04-17。
基金项目（Foundation item）：国家自然科学
基金项目( 31070405 )资助。[Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China，No.31070405.]
作者简介（Biography）：沙玉坤（1986-），男，回族，山东泰安人，在读博士生，研究方向为RS、GIS技术在水文学与水文模型中的应用。[Sha Yukun，male，doctoral student，mainly engaged in the application of RS and GIS in hydrology and hydrological models research.] Tel:15198203389，E-mail：sharpon@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01